An electrophoretic display (100) comprises an electrophoretic medium (114) having electrically charged particles disposed in a fluid and capable of moving through the fluid on application of an electric field. An electrode (104, 120) is disposed adjacent the electrophoretic medium and arranged to apply an electric field thereto. A dielectric layer (106, 118) is disposed between the electrophoretic medium (114) and the electrode (104, 120) and has at least one aperture (107, 119) extending therethrough. The provision of the apertures (107, 119) in the dielectric layers enables the dielectric layers (106, 118) to protect the electrodes (104, 120) while reducing electro-optical kickback. When multiple electrodes (104, 120) are present adjacent the electrophoretic medium (114), more than one or all of the electrodes (104, 120) may be provided with apertured dielectric layers (106, 118).

An electrophoretic display (100) comprises an electrophoretic medium (114) having electrically charged particles disposed in a fluid and capable of moving through the fluid on application of an electric field. An electrode (104, 120) is disposed adjacent the electrophoretic medium and arranged to apply an electric field thereto. A dielectric layer (106, 118) is disposed between the electrophoretic medium (114) and the electrode (104, 120) and has at least one aperture (107, 119) extending therethrough. The provision of the apertures (107, 119) in the dielectric layers enables the dielectric layers (106, 118) to protect the electrodes (104, 120) while reducing electro-optical kickback. When multiple electrodes (104, 120) are present adjacent the electrophoretic medium (114), more than one or all of the electrodes (104, 120) may be provided with apertured dielectric layers (106, 118).

Color may be achieved in TIR-based image displays by addition of a sub-pixel color filter array (CFA). Color may be enhanced by tuning the size, shape, arrangement and colors of the sub-pixel color filters in the CFA. CFAs comprising of pixels further comprising one to four or more different repeating sub-pixel color filters may be capable of creating a wide gamut of displayable colors. The sub-pixels may be arranged in repeat cells wherein the sub-pixels within the repeat cell may be mapped to one or more pixels. Sub-pixel rendering may be used during driving of a TIR-based display. Sub-pixel rendering uses logical dynamic pixels where a single sub-pixel may be used in one or more pixels depending on the image displayed.

A switchable optical device including in this order a first substrate, a first conductive layer, a switchable layer, a second conductive layer and a second substrate, which device further contains one or both of the following:

i) the first conductive layer contains a first contact zone and a second contact zone, wherein the first contact zone is electrically insulated from the second contact zone and the switchable optical device contains an electrical interconnect for electrically connecting the second contact zone of the first conductive layer the second conductive layer,
ii) the switchable optical device contains at least one further sheet which is laminated to the first substrate and/or the second substrate, wherein first substrate, second substrate and the at least one further sheet have essentially the same thermal expansion coefficient.

A switchable glazing unit containing at least one glass pane and at least one switchable optical device.

According to one embodiment, an electronic device includes scanning, signal, pixels, and an inspection circuit disposed in a non-display area and including first switch elements connected to the scanning lines, the first switch elements are oxide semiconductor transistors including an oxide semiconductor layer, and each of the first switch elements of the inspection circuit includes at least two transistors connected in series to one of the scanning lines.

Electronic ink paper includes: an image display area comprising a support layer, a conductive layer on the support layer, an ink layer on the conductive layer and to display an image by electrophoresis of pigment particles dispersed in an electrophoretic liquid, and a transparent surface layer to cover the ink layer; and a border to surround the image display area and including at least one edge having a tapered shape that decreases in thickness toward the outside of the border.

A display panel includes at least one first electrode, a plurality of second electrodes opposite to the at least one first electrode, and a plurality of microcapsules disposed between the at least one first electrode and the plurality of microcapsules. Each microcapsule includes a plurality of charged first particles of a first color and a plurality of charged light-emitting particles. Charge polarity of the plurality of first particles is opposite to charge polarity of the plurality of light-emitting particles, and the first color is different from a color of light emitted by the plurality of light-emitting particles.

A display panel includes at least one first electrode, a plurality of second electrodes opposite to the at least one first electrode, and a plurality of microcapsules disposed between the at least one first electrode and the plurality of microcapsules. Each microcapsule includes a plurality of charged first particles of a first color and a plurality of charged light-emitting particles. Charge polarity of the plurality of first particles is opposite to charge polarity of the plurality of light-emitting particles, and the first color is different from a color of light emitted by the plurality of light-emitting particles.

The present invention is directed to display devices comprising a plurality of microcells. The plurality of microcells comprises different types of microcells having different Fill Factors. The devices have a watermark being formed by halftone images from the different types of microcells. The watermark aims to protect against counterfeiting or to be used for decoration purposes.

A display device (30) comprises a reflective display (38) arranged to render a first image viewable through a viewing surface and a projection means (31-37) arranged to render a second image viewable in reflection on the viewing surface, the reflective display (38) and the projection means (31-37) being mounted on a common frame.