The disclosure generally relates to image displays. Specifically, the application relates to an overlay that, among others, enhances the brightness in image displays with color filters. Much of the incoming light to a reflective image display having a color filter layer is absorbed by the color filter layer and is therefore lost. An overlay embodiment is disclosed herein that disperses and concentrates portions of the incoming light onto specific portions of the display. The amount of light absorbed by the color filter layer may be drastically reduced and instead transmitted through the color filter where the light may be reflected or absorbed by a light modulating layer. The disclosed embodiments increase the efficiency and reflectance of the display.

A verifiable display is provided that enables the visual content of the display to be detected and confirmed in a variety of ambient lighting conditions, enviroments, and operational states. In particular, the verifiable display has a display layer that is capable of visually setting an intended message for human or machine reading, with the intendended message being set using pixels. Depending on the operational condition of the display and the ambient light, for example, the message that is actually displayed and perceivable may vary from the intended message. To detect what message is actually displayed, a light detection layer in the verifiable display detects the illumination state of the pixels, and in that way is able to detect what message is actually being presented by the display layer.

A selective transparent display device according to an embodiment can be operated in a transparent mode in which a background is transmitted, a clear mode in which the background is blocked, and a viewing angle control mode in which the background is blocked only at a specific viewing angle or within a specific viewing angle range depending on the usage environment. The selective transparent display device can include a transparent display panel configured to display images and an optical shutter disposed on a surface of the transparent display panel.

A selective transparent display device according to an embodiment can be operated in a transparent mode in which a background is transmitted, a clear mode in which the background is blocked, and a viewing angle control mode in which the background is blocked only at a specific viewing angle or within a specific viewing angle range depending on the usage environment. The selective transparent display device can include a transparent display panel configured to display images and an optical shutter disposed on a surface of the transparent display panel.

A display apparatus can include a display panel; a first light path control layer including a plurality of lower slits, a first electrophoresis liquid having first light blocking particles injected into the plurality of lower slits, and a lower driving electrode pattern disposed to intersect a longitudinal direction of the plurality of lower slits; and a second light path control layer disposed on the first light path control layer, the second light path control layer including a plurality of upper slits, a second electrophoresis liquid having second light blocking particles injected into the plurality of upper slits, and an upper driving electrode pattern disposed to intersect a longitudinal direction of the plurality of upper slits.

A display apparatus can include a display panel; a first light path control layer including a plurality of lower slits, a first electrophoresis liquid having first light blocking particles injected into the plurality of lower slits, and a lower driving electrode pattern disposed to intersect a longitudinal direction of the plurality of lower slits; and a second light path control layer disposed on the first light path control layer, the second light path control layer including a plurality of upper slits, a second electrophoresis liquid having second light blocking particles injected into the plurality of upper slits, and an upper driving electrode pattern disposed to intersect a longitudinal direction of the plurality of upper slits.

A display unit of the present disclosure includes a display layer and a color filter. The display layer has a plurality of pixels each including an electrophoretic element. The color filter is provided on a display side of the display layer on a portion of each of the pixels. The electrophoretic element in each of the pixels includes migrating particles, and one of the migrating particles and the color filter is a primary color, and the other is a color complementary to the primary color.

A high efficiency, long life, video rate, electrophoretic display comprises fluid containing sub-pixel structures that are periodic, and aligned with a color filter array. A fluid comprising of electrophoretically mobile particles is compartmentalized at the size scale of the individual filters (one per filter) such that the particles may be moved to either allow light to be returned through the same filter back towards the viewer by total internal reflection (TIR) or conventional reflection to create a light state or to be absorbed by the particles to create a dark state. High reflectance is achieved through the use of structures that avoid ITO layers in the light path and reflecting most light, by virtue of a dual control of light by TIR and transmission to a reflector. In one embodiment the structures are in the shape of truncated pyramids.

The brightness of a TIR-based display is enhanced with a registered reflective element by recycling and reflecting light that passes through the dark pupil region of each hemi-spherical protrusion in the hemi-spherical surface back to the viewer. A method to fabricate a brightness enhanced TIR display comprising an apertured membrane with a thin conductive reflective metal layer facing and registered with the pupils of the hemi-spherical surface.

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a transflective liquid crystal panel, a method of manufacturing the transflective liquid crystal panel, a transflective display device, and a method of controlling displaying of the transflective display device to solve the technical problems that the process for fabricating the reflection layer is complicated, the metal film of the reflection layer will cause electrostatic charges to be accumulated, and the surface of the reflection layer has an uneven concavo-convex shape so that the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the reflection region is adversely affected. The transflective liquid crystal panel comprises pixel units arranged in a matrix, a transmission region and a reflection region disposed in each pixel unit, and a reflection layer disposed in the reflection region. The reflection layer includes an electronic ink layer.