A powder container contains powder and is attached to an image forming apparatus including: a conveying nozzle to convey the powder; a powder receiving hole of the conveying nozzle to receive the powder from the powder container; an apparatus main-body gear to transmit a driving force to the powder container; and a container receiving section including the conveying nozzle and receiving the powder container. The powder container includes: an opening at one end of the powder container in a longitudinal direction; a nozzle receiver at the opening to receive the conveying nozzle; a conveyor to convey the powder; and a container gear to drive the conveyor by meshing with the apparatus main-body gear. The container gear is to mesh with the apparatus main-body gear at a position closer to the opening than the powder receiving hole in the longitudinal direction. The opening is to mate with the container receiving section.

A printer may include a main body and a development cartridge attachable to and detachable from the main body. The development cartridge may comprise a developing portion in which a photoconductive drum and a developing roller are provided, a waste toner container to receive waste toner removed from the photoconductive drum, a toner container connected to the developing portion and to receive toner, and a toner refilling portion connected to the toner container and to refill toner through the toner refilling portion into the toner container. The printer may include a communicating portion provided in the main body to be connected to the toner refilling portion to provide an access the toner refilling portion from outside of the main body when the development cartridge is attached to the main body.

A cartridge includes a shutter that opens and closes when the cartridge is attached and detached to a developing unit or image forming apparatus. The cartridge includes a casing having a chamber with a first opening at one end portion allowing toner to flow out of the casing. The cartridge includes a cover that covers the first opening, movable with the casing and having a second opening allowing toner to flow out of the cover. The shutter is located at the one end portion and has a protrusion further from the one end portion than the cover. The developing unit supports the protrusion when the cartridge is mounted thereon, and the casing pivots with the cover relative to the developing unit between a first position where the shutter closes the second opening and a second position where a third opening of the shutter overlaps the second opening.

An image forming apparatus includes a developing device, a first container, a second container, and a toner supplying device. The toner supplying device includes first and second conveyance members that convey the toner in the first and second containers, and first and second sensing shafts that are used to sense the remaining quantities of toner there. The first and second sensing shafts have a first or second light-shielding plate that moves into and out of the optical path of an optical sensor. Of the first and second light-shielding plates, one rotates together with the first or second conveying member selectively driven and makes contact with the other, and thereby makes it move out of the optical path of the optical sensor.

An image forming apparatus includes a developer bearing member, a frame having a storage member, and a first temperature detection unit. The storage member is for storing a developer for the developer bearing member to record an image on a recording material. The storage member includes an attachment part in which a supply container enclosing a developer is removably attachable to the attachment part. With reference to a recording material conveyance path having a center in a width direction of the recording material that is orthogonal to a recording material conveyance direction and in a case where an area on one side of the conveyance path center is a first area and the area on the other side of the conveyance path center is a second area, the attachment part is arranged in the first area and the first temperature detection unit is arranged in the second area.

An example printing fluid apparatus, for a printing system, comprises a printing fluid reservoir to store printing fluid for use in a print job and a printing fluid channel to route printing fluid from the reservoir to the reservoir and to route printing fluid from a printing station of the printing system to the reservoir. The fluid channel comprises a port to introduce printing fluid from a printing fluid cartridge into the fluid channel such that the introduced printing fluid from the printing fluid cartridge at least partially mixes with printing fluid in the fluid channel.

An example image forming apparatus includes a coupling device to perform coupling or decoupling between the image forming apparatus and a consumable, a sensor to sense an opening of a cover of the image forming apparatus, and a processor. When receiving an opening sensing signal of the cover from the sensor, the processor determines whether the consumable coupled to the image forming apparatus corresponds to a consumable access condition, and based on a result of determination, transmits a signal requesting decoupling of the consumable corresponding to the consumable access condition to the coupling device.

A method of converting a CMYK Standard Color Printer to print with a white toner such that a CMYW Converted White Printer is created. The CMYK Standard Color Printer may be an Oki® printer, such as C821dn, C822n, C823dn, C830n, C830dn, C831DM, C831n, C831dn, C833dn, C841dn, C843dn, or C844dnw.

A powder conveying device includes: a conveying nozzle, provided with a powder receiving opening; an open/close member to open/close the powder receiving opening; a flange provided to the open/close member; a biasing member to bias the open/close member; and a container setting section to which a part of a powder container is to be fit. The powder container includes: a conveyor to convey the powder from a second end of the powder container to a first end; a container opening protruding from the first end; a nozzle receiving opening into which the conveying nozzle is to be inserted; and a butting portion provided in the container opening, to butt against the flange. When the powder container is attached to the powder conveying device, the container opening is fitted to the container setting section, and the flange and the biasing member are housed in an inner space of the container opening.

A toner comprising a toner particle, wherein the toner has G1 of from 5.0×10.sup.−13 to 1.0×10.sup.−10, and a ratio G2/G1 of G2 to G1 is from 0.10 to 0.60, when a conductivity of the toner measured at a frequency of 0.01 Hz under a pressure of 1,000 kPa is designated by G1 in S/m, and a conductivity of the toner measured at a frequency of 0.01 Hz under a pressure of 100 kPa is designated by G2 in S/m.