An image reading apparatus includes a transparent member, a conveyance unit, a reading unit reading an image information through the transparent member from the sheet conveyed by the conveyance unit, and a guide member provided upstream of a reading position where the reading unit reads the image information from the sheet with respect to a sheet conveyance direction. The guide member includes a sheet-like sheet member having elasticity. A leading end of a downstream side of the guide member in the sheet conveyance direction is a folded portion formed by folding back the sheet member.

An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming unit configured to form an image on an image bearing member based on an image forming condition, an optical sensor including: a light emitter configured to irradiate the image bearing member with light based on a supplied current; and a light receiver configured to receive reflected light of the light emitted from the light emitter; a temperature detector configured to detect a temperature of the optical sensor; and a controller configured to: control the image forming unit to form a detection image on the image bearing member; control the optical sensor to detect reflected light from the detection image; and adjust the image forming condition based on a result of detecting the detection image by the optical sensor. The controller is configured to control the light emitter to emit light; and generate a correction condition.

A sheet conveyance apparatus includes a conveyance unit configured to convey a sheet, a guide member disposed to define a conveyance path, a light-emitting element, a light-receiving element configured to output a detection signal that changes in accordance with an amount of received light, a first light-passing portion disposed to define an optical path from the light-emitting element to the conveyance path, and a second light-passing portion disposed to define an optical path from the conveyance path to the light-receiving element. The light-receiving element is configured such that the detection signal changes in accordance with whether or not a sheet is present in the conveyance path. Reflectance of each of the first light-passing portion and the second light-passing portion to the light emitted from the light-emitting element is higher than reflectance of the guide member to the light emitted from the light-emitting element.

A loop detection unit including a first contact portion in contact with a back surface of the recording material. A residual sheet detection unit including a second contact portion that is configured to come into contact with the back surface of the recording material. The first contact portion and the second contact portion are configured to rotate on the same rotation shaft. The second contact portion is configured to come into contact with the back surface of the recording material on a downstream of the first contact portion in the conveyance direction of the recording material.

An image forming apparatus includes a fixing device including a fixing device frame, a chute rotatable between a path forming position and a path opening position, an optical sensor including a light-emitting element, and an actuator. The actuator has a shaft, a first lever configured to contact an anti-pivot rib, and a second lever configured to shield light emitted from the light-emitting element. The actuator is movable to a position where the first lever contacts the anti-pivot rib when the chute is at the path forming position, a position where the first lever and the anti-pivot rib are separated from each other when the chute is at the path forming position, and a position where the first lever and the anti-pivot rib are separated from each other when the chute is at the path opening position. The actuator and the optical sensor are supported by the fixing device frame.

A technology aimed at improvement of paper discriminating accuracy is provided. In an image forming apparatus, a control unit derives a discriminating result for types of paper. To be specific, the control unit derives the discriminating result for types of paper using a first detection value based on absorption by the paper of the light having the first wavelength and a second detection value based on absorption by the paper of the light having the second wavelength. The first wavelength ranges from 750 nm to 1100 nm. The second wavelength ranges from 400 nm to 500 mn

A housing includes a first opening and a second opening, and encloses a light-emitting element and a first light receiving unit. The first opening is provided in a first light guide path, and is arranged so that light output from the light-emitting element travels toward a target surface. The second opening is provided in a second light guide path arranged between the target surface and the first light receiving unit. The first opening is an exit opening of a through-hole provided penetrating through the housing, and a shape of the through-hole is a shape in which diffracted light of the +1st order and higher orders and diffracted light of the −1st order and higher orders produced at the target surface to be irradiated are not incident on the first light receiving unit.

A glossiness inspection device includes an illumination device that emits irradiation light to a glossiness detection target and a light receiving device that receives reflected light of the irradiation light reflected by the glossiness detection target and outputs a light reception detection signal according to an amount of the received light. A dimmer of the device adjusts an amount of the irradiation light, and a detection signal adjuster of the device adjusts a gain for amplifying the light reception detection signal. An irradiation position controller of the device selectively irradiates a first gloss region and a second gloss region of a correction plate with the irradiation light. A hardware processor of the device adjusts at least one of the amount of the irradiation light, an offset of the detection signal adjuster, a characteristic straight line for calculating a glossiness, or a calculated glossiness.

An image forming device includes a casing and a medium detecting mechanism. A medium entrance is formed on the casing. The medium detecting mechanism includes a detector, a first pivoting component, a second pivoting component and a resilient component. When at least one medium enters into the medium entrance and abuts against the first pivoting component, the at least one medium drives the first pivoting component to pivot in a first pivoting direction, so that the second pivoting component is driven by the resilient component to pivot in the first pivoting direction to actuate the detector for generating a signal. When the second pivoting component is stopped from pivoting in the first pivoting direction, deformation of the resilient component allows the first pivoting component to be driven by the at least one medium to pivot relative to the second pivoting component in the first pivoting direction continuously.

An edge detection apparatus for detecting an edge of a recording medium to be conveyed includes a light source, a plurality of photoelectric conversion element pixels, and a detection unit. The light source irradiates the recording medium with light. The plurality of photoelectric conversion element pixels are placed in a direction orthogonal to a conveyance direction of the recording medium and convert light reflected by the recording medium into an electrical signal. The detection unit detects the edge of the recording medium on the basis of a plurality of electrical signals that constitute an n-th (n≧1) electrical signal group obtained by dividing the plurality of electrical signals corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of photoelectric conversion element pixels, and a specified number of the electrical signals counted from a top of the plurality of electrical signals that constitute an n+1st electrical signal group.