A fixing device includes a first rotation section and a second rotation section. The first rotation section includes a first rotating member and a first belt. The first rotating member is rotatable about a first rotational axis. The first belt is caused to rotate by rotation of the first rotating member. The second rotation section includes a second rotating member. The second rotation section is opposed to the first rotation section in a first direction and allows a medium to be sandwiched between the first rotation section and the second rotation section. The second rotating member is rotatable about a second rotational axis. The second rotation section is disposed allowing an angle of the second rotational axis with respect to the first rotational axis viewed from the first direction to be variable.

A liquid applying device includes a circulation member, an impregnation member, and a support member. The circulation member is configured to circulate in a predetermined direction. The impregnation member is formed in a plate shape. The impregnation member is impregnated with a liquid. The impregnation member is in contact with the circulation member at an end portion thereof in a direction intersecting with a circulating direction of the circulation member so as to apply the liquid to the circulation member. The support member supports a portion including an end portion side of the impregnation member, at an opposite side of the circulation member in a state where the end portion of the impregnation member is in contact with the circulation member.

An image forming apparatus includes a fixing device and a controller. The fixing device includes a heating unit and a pressurizing unit. The heating unit is configured to come into contact with a recording medium, onto which an image is transferred and which is transported, so as to heat the recording medium while rotating. The pressurizing unit is configured to press the recording medium against the heating unit. The fixing device is configured to fix the image to the recording medium. The controller is configured to control switching between a first mode for fixing the image to the recording medium and a second mode for making a transport speed of a sheet member that passes through the fixing device slower than a peripheral speed of the heating unit.

Provided is a fixing member having excellent heat resistance and durability. The fixing member includes a substrate and an elastic layer on the substrate, wherein the elastic layer includes: rubber, thermally conductive particles dispersed in the rubber, and iron oxide particles dispersed in the rubber, a content of the thermally conductive particles in the elastic layer is 30% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less, a content of the iron oxide particles in the elastic layer is 0.01% by volume or more and 1.0% by volume or less, the thermally conductive particles are at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, metal silicon, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, and silicon carbide, and the iron oxide particles have a localization index M of 0.2 or more and less than 0.8, wherein the localization index M is determined by specific steps.

A fixing device includes a first rotation section and a second rotation section. The first rotation section includes a first rotating member and a first belt. The first rotating member is rotatable about a first rotational axis. The first belt is caused to rotate by rotation of the first rotating member. The second rotation section includes a second rotating member. The second rotation section is opposed to the first rotation section in a first direction and allows a medium to be sandwiched between the first rotation section and the second rotation section. The second rotating member is rotatable about a second rotational axis. The second rotation section is disposed allowing an angle of the second rotational axis with respect to the first rotational axis viewed from the first direction to be variable.

Provided is a fixing member having excellent heat resistance and durability. The fixing member includes a substrate and an elastic layer on the substrate, wherein the elastic layer includes: rubber, thermally conductive particles dispersed in the rubber, and iron oxide particles dispersed in the rubber, a content of the thermally conductive particles in the elastic layer is 30% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less, a content of the iron oxide particles in the elastic layer is 0.01% by volume or more and 1.0% by volume or less, the thermally conductive particles are at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, metal silicon, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, and silicon carbide, and the iron oxide particles have a localization index M of 0.2 or more and less than 0.8, wherein the localization index M is determined by specific steps.

A fixing device includes a stationary member, a roller, an endless belt, a pressure rotator, and a lubricant applicator. The endless belt is stretched over the stationary member and the roller. The pressure rotator is disposed opposite the stationary member via the endless belt to form a fixing nip between the pressure rotator and the endless belt on the stationary member. The lubricant applicator contacts the roller over an entire length of the roller in an axial direction of the roller. The lubricant applicator contacts an inner surface of the endless belt and has an axial length equal to or greater than an axial length of the stationary member.

According to one embodiment, a heating device, a cooling device, a temperature sensor, and a control device are provided. A heating device operates in a first operation mode in which a first toner transferred to a medium at a predetermined first temperature is heated, or in a second operation mode in which an image formed in the medium by the first toner is heated at a second temperature higher than the first temperature. The cooling device reduces the temperature of the heating device from an operation range in the second operation mode to an operation range in the first operation mode. The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the heating device. The control device controls the cooling device to reduce the temperature of the heating device. After the temperature of the heating device detected by the temperature sensor reaches the operation range in the first operation mode, the control device further cools down the heating device based on a cooling time taken until the temperature reaches the operation range in the first operation mode from the operation range in the second operation mode.

The heating apparatus including a plurality of heat generation members including first, second and third generation members, the second heat generation member and the third heat generation member having lengths in a longitudinal direction shorter than a length of the first heat generation member, the heating apparatus including first, second, third, and fourth contacts, and a first switching unit configured to bring an electric path between the second contact and the fourth contact into one of a connecting state and an open state.

An image forming apparatus includes an image holding member, a charging unit that charges the surface of the image holding member, an electrostatic charge image forming unit that forms an electrostatic charge image on the charged surface of the image holding member, a developing unit that includes a developer containing toner particles containing a release agent having a melting temperature ranging from 60 C. to 100 C. and that develops the electrostatic charge image on the surface of the image holding member with the developer to form a toner image, a transferring unit that transfers the toner image formed on the surface of the image holding member to the surface of a recording medium, and a fixing unit that fixes the toner image transferred to the surface of the recording medium, wherein the fixing unit includes an endless member to be heated, the endless member contacts with the toner image transferred to the surface of the recording medium; a pressure member that presses the endless member to form a nipping region between the pressure member and the endless member; a first heater that is in contact with the inner surface of the endless member in the nipping region to heat the endless member; a second heater that is disposed in contact with the endless member and downstream of the first heater in the operational direction of the endless member to heat the endless member; and a collection member that is disposed in the vicinity of the second heater so as to face the outer surface of the endless member and that collects particles.