A holographic imaging device and method realizes both a transmission type and a reflection type, and also realizes a long working distance wide field of view or ultra-high resolution. Object light emitted from an object, sequentially illuminated with parallel illumination light whose incident direction is changed, is recorded on a plurality of object light holograms for each incident direction using off-axis spherical wave reference light. The reference light is recorded on a reference light hologram using in-line spherical wave reference light being in-line with the object light. An object light wave hologram and its spatial frequency spectrum at the object position are generated for each incident direction using each hologram. A synthetic spectrum which occupies a wider frequency space is generated by matching each spectrum in the overlapping area, and a synthetic object light wave hologram with increased numerical aperture is obtained thereby.

A holographic image generation system including a spatial light modulator; a light source; a temporal modulator; a light sensor and a demodulator. The spatial light modulator has pixels. The light source illuminates the spatial light modulator. The temporal light modulator modulates an output intensity of the light source over time to encode holographic data representing a hologram. The light sensor is associated with a spatial light modulator and receives light from the light source and generates a signal representative of the output intensity of the light source. The demodulator is connected to the light sensor to receive the signal. The demodulator decodes the signal to obtain the holographic data. The demodulator is connected to the spatial light modulator to set the pixels of the spatial light modulator in accordance with the holographic data to display the hologram ready for illumination by the light source to form a holographic reconstruction.

An optical system and a method of calculating a hologram of a virtual image for the optical system is described. The optical system comprises a display device arranged to display the hologram and a waveguide arranged to replicate the hologram. The method comprises determining a sub-hologram of a virtual image point within an area defined by straight line paths from the virtual image point to the perimeter of an entrance pupil of a viewer. The area comprises at least part of a virtual replica of the display device formed by the waveguide.

A method and apparatus for correcting a distortion of a holographic display. The method includes tracking a location of a viewing window by tracking a location of a pupil of a user and calculating a central location of the viewing window, generating a wavefront aberration by determining an object point and an image point based on a location of a light source and the central location of the viewing window and using ray tracing, and calculating a complex aberration light field using the generated wavefront aberration. Thus, a quality of a holographically reproduced image in a viewing window-based holographic display may be improved.

A method for learned hardware-in-the-loop phase retrieval for holographic near-eye displays includes generating simulated ideal output images of a holographic display. The method further includes capturing real output images of the holographic display. The method further includes learning a mapping between the simulated ideal output images and the real output images. The method further includes using the learned mapping to solve for an aberration compensating hologram phase and using the aberration compensating hologram phase to adjust a phase pattern of a spatial light modulator of the holographic display.

A fluorescence receiving apparatus comprises an excitation light source, a spatial light modulator of a phase modulation type for phase-modulating excitation light to obtain phase-modulated light, a focusing optical system configured to focus the phase-modulated light to a specimen, a specimen stage for supporting the specimen, a fluorescence receiver for receiving fluorescence generated by focus of the phase-modulated light to the specimen, a control unit for displaying a first CGH on the spatial light modulator, and a correction unit for correcting the first CGH. The correction unit comprises a receiver-specific sensitivity information storage preliminarily acquiring and storing sensitivity information per reception position specific to the fluorescence receiver, and a second hologram generator for correcting the first CGH, based on intensities of the fluorescence and the sensitivity information, to generate a second CGH. The control unit displays the second CGH on the spatial light modulator.

A method and apparatus for generating a hologram pattern using depth quantization may generate a hologram pattern corresponding to a three-dimensional (3D) object in a hologram plane using color image information of the 3D object and a point of the 3D object included in a quantized depth layer.

A hologram image display apparatus includes an illumination optical system that emits an illumination light beam wavefront and a spatial light modulator having a light modulation area that converts the illumination light beam wavefront by diffraction to a display light beam wavefront and displays a virtual image. The spatial light modulator forms the display light beam wavefront by modulating the illumination light beam wavefront so that at least a portion of a regular light ray group configuring the display light beam wavefront is a light ray group with a diffraction angle having an absolute value greater than the ±first-order diffraction angle by the spatial light modulator, and another portion of the regular light ray group is a light ray group with a diffraction angle having an absolute value of the ±first-order diffraction angle or less by the spatial light modulator.

In-line holography to create images of a specimen, such as one or more particles dispersed in a transparent medium. Analyzing these images with results from light scattering theory yields the particles' sizes with nanometer resolution, their refractive indexes to within one part in a thousand, and their three dimensional positions with nanometer resolution. This procedure can rapidly and directly characterize mechanical, optical and chemical properties of the specimen and its medium.

A hologram generation apparatus is based on a hologram imaging system which includes an object space where an object is situated and a retina space or region where an image is formed within an eyeball of an observer. The hologram generation apparatus includes a modeling unit for generating first graphic data by transforming a 3D image of a 3D object to a set of polygonal facets; a data transformation unit for generating second graphic data by transforming the first graphic data from the modeling unit to normal/reference coordinates in the retina region; a hologram generation unit for generating a first computer generated hologram (CGH1), which is light wave analysis data for the second graphic data; and a hologram transformation unit for transforming the first computer generated hologram (CGH1) in the retina region to a second computer generated hologram (CGH2) in the object space.