Holographic and diffractive optical encoding techniques for forming reflection or transmission holograms. The encoding device includes a substrate having an interference pattern that can propagate light along a light propagation path from one side of the substrate to another side of the substrate. Furthermore, an optical element may be used to propagate light according to a four-dimensional light field coordinate system.

Described is a holographic film (100) whose transmission and/or reflection properties vary periodically along at least one of its directions of principal extent, said film being designed for at least partial transmission (22, 28) of light (20, 26) of at least one first wavelength range that is irradiated from a multiplicity of periodically disposed illuminants (200) and that impinges on the holographic film (100). Also described are a lighting means (300), a backlighting means and a method for producing a holographic film (100).

To provide a hologram, a light-transmissive reflector plate, a screen, and a projection system capable of achieving high transparency and allowing a projected image to be brightly and clearly reflected and observed.

A hologram 1 has a relief part, wherein the hologram 1 reflects a given white light incident thereon at a given angle from one side, while transmits a given white light incident thereon at a given angle from the other side, and diffraction efficiency for transmitted light and diffraction efficiency for reflected light differ from each other.

An automotive hologram image producing lamp is provided. The automotive hologram image producing lamp includes beam exposed to the exterior to be provided in the form of a hologram image. The automotive hologram image producing lamp includes a light source configured to emit light, a hologram forming unit configured to receive incidence of a first partial light among the emitted light to form a hologram and a light pattern forming unit configured to transmit a second partial light among the emitted light to form a information providing light pattern.

Holographic and diffractive optical encoding techniques for forming reflection or transmission holograms. The encoding device includes a substrate having an interference pattern that can propagate light along a light propagation path from one side of the substrate to another side of the substrate. Furthermore, an optical element may be used to propagate light according to a four-dimensional light field coordinate system.