Transmission and reflection mode VHOEs are designed and fabricated for use in imaging and other applications. These VHOE provide high diffraction efficiency with minimal chromatic aberrations and astigmatism across the bandwidth. The lens provides optical power within the bandwidth centered relative to several wavelengths to magnify (focus or collimate) input light and is transparent for the rest of the image spectrum. In transmission mode, two VHOE are fabricated in such a way as to introduce compensating adjustments that minimize the astigmatism and chromatic aberrations introduced by the bandwidth of the input light. Two VHOEs are required to provide an on-axis imaging system to magnify light to form an image and reduce the chromatic aberrations across the bandwidth and reduce the astigmatism while maintaining high diffraction efficiency (DE). In reflection mode, a single VHOE is configured to act as a mirror at the specified wavelength and bandwidth and to magnify light to form an image and, consequently, has minimal level of astigmatism and chromatic aberration.

A method for producing a document blank or a security document includes providing a substrate layer having a metal layer or applying a metal layer to a substrate layer, forming a color-effective pattern in or on the metal layer, in which the pattern has a pixel structure and each pixel includes at least two subpixels which cause a monochromatic color effect, and joining together the substrate layer and at least one further transparent substrate layer to form a document body. A security document blank, a personalized security document and a method for the laser personalization of security document blanks in color are also provided.

A light modulation element reproduces a light image in a specific color other than iridescence where white light is incident, without a layer that selectively transmits or reflects a specific wavelength band, and clearly reproduces a desired light image by reducing an influence of 0th-order diffracted light, and an information recording medium including the same. The light modulation element includes a factor element that reproduces a light image by modulating a phase of incident reproduction light, and has an uneven surface. A maximum diffraction efficiency Dmax in a wavelength band of between 380 nm and 780 nm in wavelength distribution of first-order diffracted light and of negative first-order diffracted light with respect to diffraction efficiency for the factor element has a local maximum value with a full width at half maximum FWHM of 200 nm or less in wavelength distribution with respect to diffraction efficiency having the maximum diffraction efficiency.

A holographic display system, a holographic display method and an electronic device are provided. The holographic display system includes a backlight module configured to emit a backlight beam, a spatial light modulator configured to perform phase and amplitude modulations on the backlight beam, and a plurality of liquid crystal grating modules that are sequentially arranged in a first direction. Based on a polarization direction of incident light, a liquid crystal grating module is capable of changing or maintaining a propagation direction of the incident light. A first optical rotator disposed on a light-incident side of the liquid crystal grating module is capable of rotating the polarization direction of the incident light, to make at least one liquid crystal grating module change the propagation direction of the incident light, and at least one liquid crystal grating module do not change the propagation direction of the incident light within a preset duration.

An apparatus and method for displaying holograms. A compact and self-contained lighting system for a display hologram, which can produce high quality images and which is substantially insensitive to stray light.

A near-to-eye display device includes a spatial light modulator. The spatial light modulator modulates an illumination wave to create a virtual-scene wave that is steered to a useful portion of an exit pupil plane. Higher diffraction orders and noise beams are filtered out by the user's pupil acting as a spatial filter.

An automotive hologram image producing lamp is provided. The automotive hologram image producing lamp includes beam exposed to the exterior to be provided in the form of a hologram image. The automotive hologram image producing lamp includes a light source configured to emit light, a hologram forming unit configured to receive incidence of a first partial light among the emitted light to form a hologram and a light pattern forming unit configured to transmit a second partial light among the emitted light to form a information providing light pattern.

Systems and methods for infrared laser holographic projection. In one example, an optical apparatus includes a first laser source configured to generate a first laser beam having a first wavelength in an infrared spectral range and a holographic medium optically coupled to the laser source and having a transmittance range including the first wavelength. A diffraction pattern formed in the holographic medium encodes an input image and is configured to diffract the first laser beam responsive to being illuminated by the laser beam so as to construct an image in the infrared spectrum, the image being a reconstruction of the input image. The diffraction pattern may further be configured to diffract a second laser beam having a second wavelength in a visible spectral range to construct an image including a first portion in the infrared spectral range and a second portion in the visible spectral range.

A holographic image recording method is disclosed, that is realized through utilizing a holographic image fetching and recording device, including the following steps: using an image fetching device to fetch an image of a target object placed on a rotation table rotating at a fixed speed, the image thus obtained is transmitted to a display panel through a connection line; using a light emitting unit to emit coherent light to a first reflector; that reflects the coherent light to light splitter; and the light splitter splits the coherent light along a first light path and a second light path into an object light and a reference light, and transmits them onto a holographic film to interfere with each other, to form a holographic image. A holographic image reconstructing method is also disclosed, to reconstruct and form a 3D holographic image floating above the holographic film.

A lighting device, in particular a rear luminaire, for a vehicle is provided. The lighting device has a hologram and a light source for illuminating the hologram. An image, more particularly a real image, is thereby generated, which can also lie outside the physical boundaries of the lighting device.