An auxiliary sensor can be used to measure the temperature of individual products in a heating cabinet. By arranging the temperature sensor with respect to the low mass thermal conductors and insulators, the sensor can be focused on the product to obtain the proper temperature irrespective of the immediate environment whether it is at room temperature or even within the heating cabinet.

A system for controlling a substrate temperature in a substrate processing system includes a substrate support device, a controller, a temperature sensor, and a thermal control element (TCE). The controller is configured to, during a first period, control the TCE to adjust the temperature of the substrate support device to a temperature value based on a temperature difference between the substrate temperature before the substrate is loaded onto the substrate support device and a desired temperature for the substrate support device. The temperature value is not equal to the desired temperature. The substrate is loaded onto the substrate support device after the first period begins and before the temperature of the substrate support device returns to the desired temperature. The controller is further configured to, during a second period following the first period, control the temperature of the substrate support device to the desired temperature for the substrate support device.

A temperature controller is provided, which includes a first temperature sensor, a heater, a logic circuit, a watchdog circuit and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor may detect the environmental temperature. The heater may be turned on after the temperature controller is turned on. The logic circuit may turn on the watchdog circuit after the environmental temperature is higher than the first temperature for the watchdog circuit to keep detecting whether the main circuit of an electronic device is turned on until the main circuit is turned on. The second temperature sensor may be turned on after the main circuit is turned on and then detect the environmental temperature. The logic circuit may turn off the heater after the second temperature sensor detects the environmental temperature is higher than a second temperature, or turn on the heater when the environmental temperature is lower than a third temperature.

A device for regulating a temperature of at least one object. The device includes a thermoelectric element for release of heating and/or cooling energy to the object. The device includes a processor unit, which is coupled for regulation to the thermoelectric element. The device includes a sensor device, Which has at least one sensor for detecting a de facto temperature trending in an area of the thermoelectric element, and at least one additional sensor configured as a component of the processor unit for detecting a de facto temperature trending in an area of the processor unit. The processor unit is connected with the sensor device, and is configured for comparison of the detected de facto temperatures, and while allowing for the comparison, the processor unit can derive an assessment of a functional capability of the sensor device.

The current application is directed to intelligent controllers that continuously, periodically, or intermittently monitor progress towards one or more control goals under one or more constraints in order to achieve control that satisfies potentially conflicting goals. An intelligent controller may alter aspects of control, dynamically, while the control is being carried out, in order to ensure that goals are obtained and a balance is achieved between potentially conflicting goals. The intelligent controller uses various types of information to determine an initial control strategy as well as to dynamically adjust the control strategy as the control is being carried out.

A temperature control apparatus for a building, the apparatus comprising: an electricity generator, operable to contribute to an electrical power supply for consumer appliances at the building; a heat transfer circuit adapted to circulate heat transfer fluid to cool the electricity generator; a heating system comprising a heat source for providing heat energy to a space heater for heating at least one zone of the building and to a hot water tank arranged to store a supply of hot water for the building, and a heat exchanger adapted to supplement the heat energy from the heat source with heat energy obtained from the heat transfer circuit; a user interface adapted to enable a user to select at least one of (a) a desired temperature for the at least one zone of the building, and a first time period during which the desired temperature is to be maintained; and (b) a second time period for the supply of hot water from the hot water tank; and the apparatus further comprising: a controller configured to determine when to operate the electricity generator based on at least one of: (i) the thermal capacity of the hot water tank; and (ii) the first time period, the desired temperature and the current temperature of the at least one zone of the building.

A demand based control for a hydronic heating system varies the heat response based on an actual demand of the conditioned space, rather than an estimated thermal loss. Differences between supply and return of a heat transfer medium, such as forced hot water, are measured for the conditioned space, as well as the flow rate of the forced water to determine an actual thermal transfer to the conditioned space. A required heat generation is computed based on the measured transfer and resultant temperature change of the conditioned space, and heat generation parameters such as boiler firing rate and circulator pump speed varied to control the heat transfer to the conditioned space and avoid overshoot or excessive heat generation beyond that needed for the measured demand.

A building management system (BMS) includes building equipment, an eventseries generator, and a storage interface. The building equipment are configured to generate a plurality of data samples. Each of the data samples includes a data value and a timestamp. The eventseries generator is configured to assign a sample state to each data sample based on the data value of the data sample and generate one or more events based on the timestamp of each data sample and the sample state assigned to each data sample. Each of the events includes a start time, an end time, and an event state. The eventseries generator is configured to generate an eventseries including the one or more generated events. The storage interface is configured to store the eventseries in an eventseries database.

A system and computer program product are provided for controlling liquid-cooled electronics, which includes measuring a first set point temperature, T.sub.a, wherein the T.sub.a is based on a dew point temperature, T.sub.dp of a computer room. A second set point temperature, T.sub.b, is measured, wherein the T.sub.b is based on a facility chilled liquid inlet temperature, T.sub.ci, and a rack power, P.sub.rack, of an electronics rack. A Modular Cooling Unit (MCU) set point temperature, T.sub.sp, is selected. The T.sub.sp is the higher value of said T.sub.a and said T.sub.b. Responsive to the selected T.sub.sp, a control valve is regulated. The control valve controls a flow of liquid that passes through a heat exchanger.

An outdoor box is designed for keeping at least one battery pack that supplies an electrically driven garden, forestry, construction and/or ground working apparatus with electrical driving power. The outdoor box is configured to receive at least one charger for supplying the battery pack with electrical charging power. The outdoor box has an electrical line for transmission of electrical power to the charger. The outdoor box has an exchange fan for exchange of outside air outside the outdoor box and inside air inside the outdoor box in contact with the battery pack and/or the charger. The outdoor box has a recirculation fan, different from the exchange fan, for recirculating, inside the outdoor box, the inside air, and/or the outdoor box has a further exchange fan for exchange of the outside air and the inside air. The one exchange fan is designed for being supplied with electrical power at least for the most part by an energy source. The further exchange fan is designed for being supplied with electrical power at least for the most part by a further energy source, different from the energy source.