In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a first die with voltage regulator circuitry and a second die with logic circuitry. The apparatus further includes an inductor, a capacitor, and a conformal power delivery structure on the top side of the apparatus, where the voltage regulator circuitry is connected to the logic circuitry through the inductor, the capacitor, and the conformal power delivery structure. The conformal power delivery structure includes a first electrically conductive layer defining one or more recesses, a second electrically conductive layer at least partially within the recesses of the first electrically conductive layer and having a lower surface that generally conforms with the upper surface of the first electrically conductive layer, and a dielectric material between the surfaces of the first electrically conductive layer and the second electrically conductive layer that conform with one another.

An electronic system device comprises a power generation device generating a power supply voltage, a substrate bias generation circuit connected to the power generation device, a memory circuit, a monitor circuit, and a capacitor connected to the substrate bias generation circuit via a switch. The substrate bias generation circuit generates a substrate bias voltage from the power supply voltage and supplies charges based on the substrate bias voltage to the capacitor while the switch is ON-state. While the switch is OFF-state, the capacitor stores the accumulated charges based on the substrate bias voltage. While the switch is ON-state, the substrate bias generation circuit adds based on the substrate bias voltage to charge that was held, and states the back bias voltage. The substrate bias generation circuit supplies the back bias voltage to memory circuit.

An electronic system device comprises a power generation device generating a power supply voltage, a substrate bias generation circuit connected to the power generation device, a memory circuit, a monitor circuit, and a capacitor connected to the substrate bias generation circuit via a switch. The substrate bias generation circuit generates a substrate bias voltage from the power supply voltage and supplies charges based on the substrate bias voltage to the capacitor while the switch is ON-state. While the switch is OFF-state, the capacitor stores the accumulated charges based on the substrate bias voltage. While the switch is ON-state, the substrate bias generation circuit adds based on the substrate bias voltage to charge that was held, and states the back bias voltage. The substrate bias generation circuit supplies the back bias voltage to memory circuit.

A low power comparator and a self-regulated device for adjusting power saving level of an electronic device are provided. The low power comparator includes an input differential pair circuit, a self-regulated device, and a tail current switch. The input differential pair circuit is configured to receive input signals to be compared. The self-regulated device is coupled to the input differential pair circuit and includes a self-regulated circuit which has a first transistor with a first threshold voltage and a second transistor with a second threshold voltage and is configured to adjust a power saving level of the low-power comparator according to the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage. The tail current switch is coupled to the input differential pair circuit through the self-regulated circuit to provide a constant current to the input differential pair circuit.

A low power comparator and a self-regulated device for adjusting power saving level of an electronic device are provided. The low power comparator includes an input differential pair circuit, a self-regulated device, and a tail current switch. The input differential pair circuit is configured to receive input signals to be compared. The self-regulated device is coupled to the input differential pair circuit and includes a self-regulated circuit which has a first transistor with a first threshold voltage and a second transistor with a second threshold voltage and is configured to adjust a power saving level of the low-power comparator according to the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage. The tail current switch is coupled to the input differential pair circuit through the self-regulated circuit to provide a constant current to the input differential pair circuit.

A driving device includes a voltage regulator, a voltage generator, and a first NMOSFET. The voltage regulator is coupled between a first high-voltage terminal and the output terminal of the driving device. The voltage regulator receives the first high voltage of the first high-voltage terminal. The voltage regulator steps down the first high voltage to generate a supply voltage. The voltage generator is coupled to a second high-voltage terminal and the output terminal of the driving device. The voltage generator provides a reference voltage for the output terminal of the driving device. The reference voltage is substantially lower than the supply voltage. The first NMOSFET is coupled between the output terminal of the driving device and a low-voltage terminal.

A driving device includes a voltage regulator, a voltage generator, and a first NMOSFET. The voltage regulator is coupled between a first high-voltage terminal and the output terminal of the driving device. The voltage regulator receives the first high voltage of the first high-voltage terminal. The voltage regulator steps down the first high voltage to generate a supply voltage. The voltage generator is coupled to a second high-voltage terminal and the output terminal of the driving device. The voltage generator provides a reference voltage for the output terminal of the driving device. The reference voltage is substantially lower than the supply voltage. The first NMOSFET is coupled between the output terminal of the driving device and a low-voltage terminal.

A method and apparatus for preventing dark current in a battery management system (BMS) are provided. A battery control apparatus may include a voltage regulator configured to regulate a voltage of a driving power supplied from a power supply to a processor, a first switch, located between the power supply and the voltage regulator, configured to switch on and off a connection between the power supply and the voltage regulator, and a second switch configured to control the first switch based on an input of a driving signal to operate the processor.

A method and apparatus for preventing dark current in a battery management system (BMS) are provided. A battery control apparatus may include a voltage regulator configured to regulate a voltage of a driving power supplied from a power supply to a processor, a first switch, located between the power supply and the voltage regulator, configured to switch on and off a connection between the power supply and the voltage regulator, and a second switch configured to control the first switch based on an input of a driving signal to operate the processor.

A method includes: selectively generating a first current by a first current generating circuit according to a first control signal; generating a second current by a second current generating circuit; and comparing a first input signal and a second input signal at a common node to generate an output signal according to the first current, the second current, and a second control signal. The second control signal and the first control signal are in-phase with each other.