A power supply includes a voltage regulator, a transistor, a current-to-voltage transform circuit, and a comparator. The voltage regulator receives a control signal, a source voltage, and a control voltage, and outputs a supply voltage according to the control voltage and the control signal. The transistor has a first terminal receiving the source voltage, and a control terminal coupled to the voltage regulator. The current-to-voltage transform circuit has a first terminal coupled to a second terminal of the transistor, a second terminal for receiving a reference voltage. The comparator has a first input terminal for receiving a comparison signal, a second input terminal coupled to the first terminal of the current-to-voltage transform circuit, and an output terminal for outputting the control voltage.

A current source having an operational amplifier with positive input, negative input, negative output and positive output, negative input voltage connected to the positive input via a negative input resistor, positive input voltage connected to the negative input via a positive input resistor, the negative output is connected to the positive input via a first negative feedback resistor and to the negative input via a series connection of a first current sense resistor and a first positive feedback resistor, the positive output is connected to the negative input via a second negative feedback resistor and to the positive input via a series connection of a second current sense resistor and a second positive feedback resistor, a negative load output is between the first current sense resistor and the first positive feedback resistor, and a positive load output is between the second current sense resistor and the second positive feedback resistor.

A switching converter includes a voltage conversion circuit providing an output voltage from an input voltage and a PWM voltage generated in response to first and second oscillating voltages. The input stage of a transconductor circuit provides an input reference current following a difference between a reference voltage and a voltage dependent on the output voltage and according to a transconductance, and an output stage for providing an output reference current from the input reference current. A phase shifter shifts an oscillating reference voltage according to the output reference current to obtain the first and second oscillating voltages. The transconductance is controlled in response to the input voltage resulting in a change of the input reference current. Compensation for that change is provided by subtracting a variable compensation current from the input reference current, where the variable compensation current is generated in response to the input voltage.

Systems and methods with analog to digital converters are provided. The systems and methods may include a plurality of non-volatile memory cells that may be organized into an array. A bitline may be electrically coupled to a column of memory cells vertically arranged in the array. The bitline may be configured to sum up the current produced by the memory cells in the column. A digital-to-analog converter having an output electrically coupled to the bitline may be configured to generate a current and add it through the output to the bitline. A voltage comparator having an input that is electrically coupled to the bitline may be configured to measure a voltage on the bitline and compare it to a fixed voltage, and to stop the digital-to-analog converter from adding current to the bitline when the measured voltage exceeds the fixed voltage.

A current mirror circuit includes a current output terminal, a first transistor, a second transistor, and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The first transistor includes a first terminal coupled to a power rail, a second terminal coupled to a current source, and a third terminal coupled to the current source. The second transistor includes a first terminal coupled to the power rail, a second terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first transistor, and a third terminal coupled to the current output terminal. The DAC includes an output terminal coupled to the second transistor.

A two-wire current loop system includes a current loop with a transmitter and a host. The system also includes a monolithic integrated circuit included with the transmitter. The monolithic integrated circuit includes: 1) a power supply terminal coupled to the current loop; 2) a loop ground terminal coupled to the current loop and configured to output a current to the current loop; 3) device circuitry with a power supply node and an internal ground node, wherein the power supply node is coupled to the power supply terminal; and 4) a reverse wiring protection circuit coupled between the internal ground node of the device circuitry and the loop ground terminal.

A semiconductor device according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of switching elements and a plurality of variable capacitance elements. The switching elements are switching elements connected in series between a first control terminal and a second control terminal and plural types of capacitance control signals can be supplied to the first control terminal and the second control terminal. The variable capacitance elements have capacitance control terminals connected to corresponding one ends of the switching elements, respectively.

A voltage-current conversion circuit includes a voltage-current conversion resistor connected to an input terminal, and a current mirror circuit which mirrors a current supplied from the voltage-current conversion resistor, wherein the current mirror circuit is constructed to include a depletion-type transistor whose source voltage is biased to be higher than the substrate voltage.

An embodiment voltage-current converter circuit comprises a first amplifier and a second amplifier having homologous first input nodes configured to receive a voltage signal therebetween as well as homologous second input nodes having a resistor coupled therebetween. First and second current mirror circuits are provided comprising first input transistors having their control terminal coupled to the output nodes of the amplifiers. First and second current sensing circuitry having first and second current output nodes are coupled to the current mirror output nodes of the current mirror circuits and configured to provide therebetween a current which is a function of the voltage signal between the homologous first input nodes of the amplifier.

A current sensing circuit having self-calibration includes two leads, a sensing element having a sensing resistance, and a sensing and calibration circuit. The sensing and calibration circuit senses and calibrates a sensing voltage of the sensing element, and senses a sensing current through the sensing element according to the sensing resistance and the sensing voltage, to generate a current sensing output signal. The sensing and calibration circuit includes two pads, a V2I circuit, a current mirror circuit and an I2V circuit. The sensing element has a first temperature coefficient (TC). The TC and/or the resistance of an adjusting resistor in the V2I circuit and an adjusting resistor in the I2V circuit are determined according to the first TC, such that the TC of the current sensing output signal is equal to 0.