In one embodiment, a system includes a memory that includes a live section and a spares section. The live section may be mapped to the address space of the system, and may be accessed in response to memory operations. Once an entry in the live section has been detected as failed, an entry is in the spares section may be allocated to replace the failed entry. During subsequent accesses to the failed entry, the allocated entry may be used instead. In an embodiment, the failed entry may be coded with an indication of the allocated entry, to redirect to the allocated entry. In one implementation, for example, the failed entry may be coded with N copies of a pointer to the allocated entry, each copy protected by corresponding ECC.

When cascading interlockings of electronic locks, in particular for vaults, it is known to link all locks to a communications bus, wherein each lock has an associated serial number. Additionally, it is provided for additionally associating a sequential number to each lock so as to simplify managing the locks. Preferably, with a main lock, in which a translation table is stored, the sequential number of each lock in the system is associated to the serial number thereof; thereby, negotiating the numbers as follows: if two locks with the number 1 are connected to the communications bus, one lock keeps the number 1 and then adds a line in the translation table, in which a sequential number not yet assigned for the other lock and the serial number thereof are stored, and, if required, also adds all the locks not yet listed in the table.

The application of this method is an addressable lighting control system using the In Seat Power Supply as an interface between the passenger control device for lighting and the aircraft Cabin Services System. On wide body aircraft, there does not exist a system to control the reading and attendant call lights without installing a complete In Flight Entertainment system. This is a part of the system used to communicate from a passenger interface to the lighting system based on location of the passenger in the aircraft. This invention decreases the weight and complexity of other communication and addressing schemes used on-board aircraft as well as obviating the need for termination plugs or jumpers at the end of the multi-drop communication line.

An operation apparatus module includes a plurality of operation apparatuses disposed in a preset pattern. Each of the plurality of operation apparatuses includes a storage block suitable for storing self-identification information for identifying a corresponding operation apparatus and peer identification information for identifying one or more peer operation apparatuses of the corresponding operation apparatus; and an identification block suitable for managing the preset pattern by comparing the self-identification information stored in the storage block with the peer identification information transmitted from the peer operation apparatuses.

A control device is coupled to node devices and one or more input and output devices, each node device including an arithmetic processing unit and a memory. The control device is configured to store history information including an entry in which device identification information for identifying the input and output device that is accessed based on a request corresponds to node identification information for identifying a node device of the node devices which is a transmission source of the request; determine the node identification information corresponding to the device identification information that indicates an input and output device which outputs a memory access request to the memory based on search of the entry in the history information; generate a packet in which the determined node identification information is set to a memory access destination based on the memory access request; and output the generated packet.

In one embodiment, a system includes a memory that includes a live section and a spares section. The live section may be mapped to the address space of the system, and may be accessed in response to memory operations. Once an entry in the live section has been detected as failed, an entry is in the spares section may be allocated to replace the failed entry. During subsequent accesses to the failed entry, the allocated entry may be used instead. In an embodiment, the failed entry may be coded with an indication of the allocated entry, to redirect to the allocated entry. In one implementation, for example, the failed entry may be coded with N copies of a pointer to the allocated entry, each copy protected by corresponding ECC.