In a complex system including; one or more storage systems including a cache and a storage controller; and one or more storage boxes including a storage medium, the storage box generates redundant data from write data received from a server, and writes the write data and the redundant data to the storage medium. The storage box transmits the write data to the storage system when it is difficult to generate the redundant data or it is difficult to write the write data and the redundant data to the storage medium. The storage system stores the received write data in the cache.

In a complex system including; one or more storage systems including a cache and a storage controller; and one or more storage boxes including a storage medium, the storage box generates redundant data from write data received from a server, and writes the write data and the redundant data to the storage medium. The storage box transmits the write data to the storage system when it is difficult to generate the redundant data or it is difficult to write the write data and the redundant data to the storage medium. The storage system stores the received write data in the cache.

Examples described herein relates to a network interface apparatus that includes packet processing circuitry and a bus interface. In some examples, the packet processing circuitry to: process a received packet that includes data, a request to perform a write operation to write the data to a cache, and an indicator that the data is to be durable and based at least on the received packet including the request and the indicator, cause the data to be written to the cache and non-volatile memory. In some examples, the packet processing circuitry is to issue a command to an input output (IO) controller to cause the IO controller to write the data to the cache and the non-volatile memory. In some examples, the cache comprises one or more of: a level-0 (L0), level-1 (L1), level-2 (L2), or last level cache (LLC) and the non-volatile memory comprises one or more of: volatile memory that is part of an Asynchronous DRAM Refresh (ADR) domain, persistent memory, battery-backed memory, or memory device whose state is determinate even if power is interrupted to the memory device. In some examples, based on receipt of a second received packet that includes a request to persist data, the packet processing circuitry is to request that data stored in a memory buffer be copied to the non-volatile memory.

Examples described herein relates to a network interface apparatus that includes packet processing circuitry and a bus interface. In some examples, the packet processing circuitry to: process a received packet that includes data, a request to perform a write operation to write the data to a cache, and an indicator that the data is to be durable and based at least on the received packet including the request and the indicator, cause the data to be written to the cache and non-volatile memory. In some examples, the packet processing circuitry is to issue a command to an input output (IO) controller to cause the IO controller to write the data to the cache and the non-volatile memory. In some examples, the cache comprises one or more of: a level-0 (L0), level-1 (L1), level-2 (L2), or last level cache (LLC) and the non-volatile memory comprises one or more of: volatile memory that is part of an Asynchronous DRAM Refresh (ADR) domain, persistent memory, battery-backed memory, or memory device whose state is determinate even if power is interrupted to the memory device. In some examples, based on receipt of a second received packet that includes a request to persist data, the packet processing circuitry is to request that data stored in a memory buffer be copied to the non-volatile memory.

A technique for managing a storage system involves determining, in response to a first write operation on a first data block on a persistent storage device, whether a first group of data corresponding to the first data block is included in a cache; updating the first group of data in the cache if it is determined that the first group of data is included in the cache; and adding the first group of data to an associated data set of the cache to serve as a first record. Accordingly, such a technique can associatively manage different types of cached data corresponding to a data block, thereby optimizing the system performance.

A technique for managing a storage system involves determining, in response to a first write operation on a first data block on a persistent storage device, whether a first group of data corresponding to the first data block is included in a cache; updating the first group of data in the cache if it is determined that the first group of data is included in the cache; and adding the first group of data to an associated data set of the cache to serve as a first record. Accordingly, such a technique can associatively manage different types of cached data corresponding to a data block, thereby optimizing the system performance.

Processing a read request to read metadata from an entry of a metadata page may include: determining whether the metadata page is cached; responsive to determining the metadata page is cached, obtaining the first metadata from the cached metadata page; responsive to determining the metadata page is not cached, determining whether the requested metadata is in a metadata log of metadata changes stored in a volatile memory; and responsive to determining the metadata is the metadata log of metadata changes stored in the volatile memory, obtaining the requested metadata from the metadata log. Processing a write request that overwrites an existing value of a metadata page with an updated value may include: recording a metadata change in the metadata log that indicates to update the metadata page with the updated value; and performing additional processing during destaging that uses the existing value prior to overwriting it with the updated value.

Processing a read request to read metadata from an entry of a metadata page may include: determining whether the metadata page is cached; responsive to determining the metadata page is cached, obtaining the first metadata from the cached metadata page; responsive to determining the metadata page is not cached, determining whether the requested metadata is in a metadata log of metadata changes stored in a volatile memory; and responsive to determining the metadata is the metadata log of metadata changes stored in the volatile memory, obtaining the requested metadata from the metadata log. Processing a write request that overwrites an existing value of a metadata page with an updated value may include: recording a metadata change in the metadata log that indicates to update the metadata page with the updated value; and performing additional processing during destaging that uses the existing value prior to overwriting it with the updated value.

In a server system, a host computing platform can have a processing unit separate from the host processor to detect and respond to failure of the host processor. The host computing platform includes a memory to store data for the host processor. The processing unit has an interface to the host processor and the memory and an interface to a network external to the host processor and has access to the memory. In response to detection of failure of the host processor, the processing unit migrates data from the memory to another memory or storage.

A processing system rinses, from a cache, those cache lines that share the same memory page as a cache line identified for eviction. A cache controller of the processing system identifies a cache line as scheduled for eviction. In response, the cache controller, identifies additional “dirty victim” cache lines (cache lines that have been modified at the cache and not yet written back to memory) that are associated with the same memory page, and writes each of the identified cache lines to the same memory page. By writing each of the dirty victim cache lines associated with the memory page to memory, the processing system reduces memory overhead and improves processing efficiency.