According to one or more embodiments, a settlement processing device includes an interface and a processor. The interface communicates with a reading device. The processor acquires an image of a commodity captured by the reading device via the interface, obtains symbol information based on the captured image, executes settlement processing based on the symbol information, and stores the captured image and the symbol information in correlation with each other in a storage device.

Techniques are provided for managing replication journals in a distributed replication system. A data replication system assigns an associated replication journal volume to each replication component operating on a storage node. Each replication component is configured to handle a portion of a replication workload which is distributed among the replication components, and to write journal data in the associated replication journal volume of the replication component. The data replication system performs a recovery process in response to detecting a failed replication component. The recovery process includes designating at least one replication component as a recovery replication component, designating the associated replication journal volume of the failed replication component as a recovery journal volume, and assigning the recovery journal volume to the recovery replication component to enable the recovery replication component to recover journal data in the recovery journal volume.

A storage device includes a memory device including a metadata area and a journal data area. A memory controller is configured to control the memory device to write a metadata block to the metadata area and to write a journal data block to the journal data area. The metadata block includes metadata, and the journal data block includes both journal data and metadata storage information. The journal data includes log information pertaining to the metadata, and the metadata storage information includes information pertaining to storage of the metadata block.

Described herein are techniques for improving transfer of metadata from a metadata database to a database stored in a data system, such as a data warehouse. The metadata may be written into the metadata database with a version stamp, which is monotonic increasing register value, and a partition identifier, which can be generated using attribute values of the metadata. A plurality of readers can scan the metadata database based on version stamp and partition identifier values to export the metadata to a cloud storage location. From the cloud storage location, the exported data can be auto ingested into the database, which includes a journal and snapshot table.

A system, computer program product, and method for executing real-time processing of resource transfers using distributed ledger technology is provided. In particular, the system utilizes a private or semi-private blockchain to create a distributed ledger which comprises a record of all resource transfers between a number of entities. The real-time processing system addresses a number of computer technology-centric challenges associated with executing resource transfers. In particular, executing resource transfers on a real-time basis allows the nodes of the blockchain to more evenly distribute computing workload over time when compared to more traditional resource transfer systems that use batch processing to execute transfers.

A method is used for improving performance in a storage system during deduplication. A processor receives a request to write data. A determination is made that the data can be deduplicated. A non-exclusive lock for a page in storage with a reference count of the data may be obtained, and an instruction to increment the reference count for the data may be stored in a metadata journal. The non-exclusive lock for the page may be released.

A system, method and apparatus in which a client computer initiates and communicates a distributed ledger transaction either to an individual node in a network of distributed ledger nodes or to the network itself, which transaction is labeled with a nanosecond scale timestamp, encrypted using quantum event generated random binary data and then securely transmitted to other ledger nodes in the network at substantially the same time. Networks may consist of traditional wireline and wireless networks, cloud networks and 5G wireless networks in any combination and configuration. Using the invention, distributed ledger networks may take the forms of blockchains, transactionally integrated multiple distributed ledgers, decentralized exchanges, or immutable distributed databases. After the transaction is transmitted, additional messages necessary to the completion of the transaction are communicated between ledger nodes in the network using the same or similar system, method and apparatus.

Example methods and systems for accessing data in a log-structured file system having a plurality of snapshots of storage objects backed by a first-level copy-on-write (COW) B+ tree data structure and a plurality of second-level B+ tree data structures have been disclosed. One example method includes obtaining a first first-level mapping associated with a first snapshot from the plurality of snapshots based on a first logical block address, wherein each of the plurality of snapshots corresponds to each of the plurality of second-level B+ tree data structures, identifying a first second-level B+ tree data structure corresponding to one of the plurality of snapshots based on the first first-level mapping, obtaining a first second-level mapping based on the first logical block address in the first second-level B+ tree data structure, obtaining a first physical block address based on the first second-level mapping, and accessing data at the first physical block address.

Embodiments of the present invention include generating, at a first time, a first copy of a database including multiple tables, the first copy including a set of first structured text files. During a time period subsequent to the first time, queries that request updates to the tables during the time period are periodically generated and conveyed to a system managing the database. Responsively to the periodic queries, any updates to the tables and their respective update times are received and stored to a journal including one or more second structured text files. At a subsequent time, a request to generate a second copy of the database is received, the second copy including a state of the database at a specified time during the time period. The first copy of the database is updated with the updates whose update times are prior to the specified time, thereby generating the second copy.

A system with hierarchical chat functionality including a first-tier hierarchical data object, a plurality of second-tier hierarchical data objects linked to the first hierarchical tier data object, and a plurality of third-tier hierarchical data objects linked to a second-tier hierarchical data object of the plurality of second-tier hierarchical data objects. The system further includes first and second real-time text communication groups linked to at least one hierarchical data object and being accessible by the users associated with the linked hierarchical data object.