The present specification provides blockchain-based state machine maintenance methods and apparatuses. In one implementation, the method includes: receiving, by a blockchain node, an operation transaction for a target electronic bill, wherein the blockchain node maintains a state machine corresponding to an electronic bill stored on a blockchain, wherein the state machine comprises multiple bill states in a life cycle of the electronic bill and operation data for triggering switching of the electronic bill from one bill state to another; in response to receiving the operation transaction, initiating a consensus process for the operation transaction; publishing consensus data related to the consensus process based on the operation transaction for the target electronic bill to the blockchain; determining monitored operation data matches the operation data in the state machine; and switching a bill state of the target electronic bill in the state machine based on the monitored operation data.

A system for transacting in an environment with intermittent connectivity via a network backbone to a blockchain. A merchant device transmits a set of credentials for an ad hoc network to a buyer device and establishes a private peer-to-peer ad hoc network connection with the buyer device. It then conducts a transaction with the buyer device via the private peer-to-peer ad hoc network. If no network connection is available to a transaction blockchain, the merchant device stores a record of the transaction until such network becomes available and later sends the record of the transaction to the transaction blockchain.

Systems and methods for facilitating a transaction between a first entity and a second entity using a digital currency are described. In some aspects, a computing node participates in a private distributed ledger for a financial institution and stores one or more transaction blocks representing transactions in a digital currency. The digital currency is issued by the financial institution and is fixed with respect to a fiat currency. The computing node is configured to receive a transaction for transferring an amount of digital currency from a first entity to a second entity, generate a new transaction block representing the transaction, transmit the new transaction block to other computing nodes participating in the private distributed ledger, receive an indication of validity of the new transaction block, and insert the new transaction block into the private distributed ledger.

Provided are an apparatus, method and programming product for transferring a financial asset over a distributed network that includes transferring a first financial asset from an first account at a first financial institution to a first trust account at the first financial institution; minting, at the first financial institution, a stablecoin based upon a value of the financial asset; transferring, over the distributed network, the stablecoin to a second trust account at a second financial institution; receiving at the first financial institution an acknowledgement of a smelting, at the second financial institution, the stablecoin to generate a second financial asset; and transferring, at the second financial institution, the second financial asset from the second trust account to a second account at the second financial institution.

Provided is a method for providing a reward based on consumption of content performed by a computing device. The method comprises querying a user terminal located in a first space by using location information of a first space, measuring the number of users located in the first space according to the number of the queried user terminals and a first content playback record and calculating a first reward for the first content by using the measured number of users and the first content playback record, and providing the first reward to an account of a producer linked to a producer terminal of the first content.

A method for managing fractional reserves of blockchain currency includes: storing, in a first central account, a fiat amount associated with a fiat currency; storing, in a second central account, a blockchain amount associated with a blockchain currency; storing a plurality of account profiles, each profile including a fiat currency amount, blockchain currency amount, account identifier, and address; receiving a transaction message associated with a payment transaction, the message being formatted based on one or more standards and including a plurality of data elements, including a data element reserved for private use including a specific address and a transaction amount; identifying a specific account profile that includes the specific address included in the data element in the received transaction message; and updating the blockchain currency amount included in the identified specific account profile based on the transaction amount included in the data element in the received transaction message.

A method for generating digital certificates for anonymous users in blockchain transactions includes: storing a blockchain comprised of a plurality of blocks, each block including a block header and transaction values, where each transaction value includes data related to a blockchain transaction including a sending address, recipient address, and transaction amount; receiving a certificate request from a computing device, the request including a user public key of a cryptographic key pair; identifying a subset of transaction values in the blockchain where the sending address or recipient address was generated using the user public key; determining a confidence level based on the data included in each transaction value included in the subset; generating a digital certificate based on the determined confidence level; and transmitting the generated digital certificate to the computing device.

A solution for controlling access to a resource such as a digital wallet implemented using a blockchain. Use of the invention during set-up of the wallet can enable subsequent operations to be handled in a secure manner over an insecure channel. An example method comprises splitting a verification element into multiple shares; determining a common secret at multiple nodes in a network; and using the common secret to transmit a share of the verification element between nodes. The shares can be split such that no share is sufficient to determine the verification element and can be stored at separate locations. Upon share unavailability, the share can be retrieved a location accessibility. For safe transmission of the share(s), the common secret is generated at two different nodes independently and used to generate an encryption key for encrypting at least one share of the verification element to be transmitted securely.

A method of blockchain cross-train transaction, including at least one of constructing a generic transaction payload based on collected user input, sending the generic transaction payload to an API gateway, checking a generic transaction payload type to determine if it is one of a cross-chain transaction and a native transaction, receiving a bridge link if the generic transaction payload type is the cross-chain transaction, sending the cross-train transaction to the bridge link, processing the cross-train transaction, parsing a blockchain id if the generic transaction payload type is the native transaction, identifying a running blockchain node of the parsed blockchain id and sending the native transaction to blockchain to execute at least one of an on-chain transfer, an on-change exchange and an on-chain operation.

A method of executing a transaction on a social commerce network associated with a cryptocurrency transaction system includes receiving, from a client device, a purchase request to purchase a good or service from a third-party retailer. The method further includes converting a cost of the good or service from a fiat currency provided by the third-party retailer to a cryptocurrency cost. The method further includes providing, to the client device, a transaction request comprising the cryptocurrency cost and an address associated with a cryptocurrency wallet blockchain of the cryptocurrency transaction system. The method further includes, in response to verifying a transaction comprising cryptocurrency assets associated with the transaction request, executing the purchase request in fiat currency on the third-party retailer by a processing device.