Cryptocoinage is established in a blockchain environment. Any entity (whether public or private) may issue its own cryptocoinage for public recordation to a blockchain data layer. The blockchain data layer generates data records representing transaction records of the cryptocoinage. The blockchain data layer may also hash the transaction records to generate a cryptographic proof for public disclosure via a public blockchain. Moreover, the cryptographic proof may be anchored to another public blockchain representing a different cryptocoinage (such as BITCOIN). The blockchain data layer may be searched for the data records representing the transaction records of the cryptocoinage.

An integrated circuit may be provided with cryptocurrency mining capabilities. The integrated circuit may include control circuitry and a number of processing cores that complete a Secure Hash Algorithm 256 (SHA-256) function in parallel. Logic circuitry may be shared between multiple processing cores. Each processing core may perform sequential rounds of cryptographic hashing operations based on a hash input and message word inputs. The control circuitry may control the processing cores to complete the SHA-256 function over different search spaces. The shared logic circuitry may perform a subset of the sequential rounds for multiple processing cores. If desired, the shared logic circuitry may generate message word inputs for some of the sequential rounds across multiple processing cores. By sharing logic circuitry across cores, chip area consumption and power efficiency may be improved relative to scenarios where the cores are formed using only dedicated logic.

The present disclosure relates to off-line generation, storage, and usage of digital assets, such as cryptocurrency. In particular, methods and systems are disclosed for a system for cold payment of digital assets. In one example, a method for usage of digital assets, such as cryptocurrency, includes receiving at least one public key corresponding to at least one off-line cryptographic key pair, receiving a digital asset, determining a set of amounts for the digital asset corresponding to a user selection, assigning an amount of the digital asset to the at least one public key determined by the set of amounts, and transmitting a payment amount to a payee address corresponding to the user selection.

The disclosed technology is generally directed to blockchain technology. In one example of the technology, a modified block is provided in response to at least an edit transaction that indicates a transaction in an original block in a blockchain. The modified block includes: transactions of the original block except the indicated transaction, a hash of the indicated transaction, and a header that includes a link to a hash of a block that precedes the original block. A new block is provided. The new block includes a reference associated with the edit transaction, and that the reference may include a link to the modified block. The original block may be caused to be deleted.

An example operation may include one or more of receiving proof of performance of an activity from a receiver system, identifying a data block, among a hash-linked chain of data blocks, that includes a bespoke crypto token associated with the activity, reading one or more requirements of the activity based on programmable instructions embedded within the bespoke crypto-token, determining whether the one or more requirements of the activity have been satisfied based on content included within the proof of performance, and in response to the one or more requirements being satisfied, releasing the crypto token to the receiver system.

A distributed ledger system for cryptocurrency transactions uses two types of Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) technologies into a dual chain architecture. Every transaction creates a unique identifier in the first graph is utilized to refer to a more expansive set of data housed within the second graph.

A cryptographic transaction processing system provides read and write interfaces to one or more distributed ledger systems managing respective distributed ledger systems (e.g. blockchains). The system uses the read interfaces to obtain distributed ledger data for respective local data stores that store the data optimized for reading. The data includes confirmed and preferably unconfirmed transactions. Client facing interfaces are provided to client wallets to conduct transactions with respective ledgers. A registration interface is provided to wallets to register public parent keys for respective transaction addresses managed by the wallets for transactions conducted with the ledgers. The registration interface provides read registration identifiers in return. An identifier may be provided by a wallet in a single request for read operations by the system where the system generates addresses using the parent public key associated with the identifier rather than receive respective addresses in separate read requests.

A transaction signing system provides a secure manner for signing cryptographically secure data (e.g. cryptographic transaction tracked on distributed ledger systems). An intermediate computing device communicates with a cryptographic transaction processing system and distributed ledger system over a communications network. The intermediate device transmits unsigned transaction data to a transaction signing device through optical over the air communication via an optical output device. The transaction signing device is configured to receive the unsigned transaction data, sign the data using a private key stored on device and transmit signed transaction data optically over the air to the intermediate computing device. The transaction signing device has no other communications systems and is isolated from other communication networks. The intermediate device communicates the signed transaction data to the cryptographic transaction processing system to execute the transaction without exposing the sensitive data stored on the transaction signing device to the communications network.

Aspects of the preset document relate to social or group-based presentation of cryptographic objects. Cryptographic objects linked to members of a group are visually represented to each group member, such as in a binder-like presentation. Further, group activity related to the cryptographic objects is also presented to each group member. Specific object events of the group activity are detected based on searching an immutable cryptographic ledger. The object events are categorized according to value and volume of the cryptographic objects involved in the object events. With this event data (and event data for other related object events), event signifiers are assigned to object events and presented to group members. Example event signifiers include audio, persistent visuals, and/or dynamic visuals that are connected to visual representations of the cryptographic objects involved in the object events.

A method for providing stablecoin services over the blockchain network, includes steps of: (a) issuing n*m second-type stablecoins to thereby supply them to liquidity pool; and (b) instructing stabilizer to withdraw j first-type stablecoins from treasury electronic wallet to stabilizer electronic wallet, exchange the withdrawn j first-type stablecoins for j*i second-type stablecoins according to exchange ratio i, and burn the j*m second-type stablecoins, or issue k second-type stablecoins to the stabilizer electronic wallet through minter, and exchange the issued k second-type stablecoins for k/i first-type stablecoins according to exchange ratio i, and to stake j*|i-m| second-type stablecoins to the stabilizer electronic wallet, or deposit k/i first-type stablecoins into the treasury electronic wallet, issue k*|1/i-1/m|*m second-type stablecoins to the stabilizer electronic wallet through the minter, stake the issued k*|1/i-1/m|*m second-type stablecoins to the stabilizer electronic wallet.