A method for carrying out a cryptocurrency blockchain transaction through an integrated circuit payment card using a multi-signature blockchain wallet includes: storing, in an integrated circuit of a payment card, a first private key of a first cryptographic key pair and a transaction account number; receiving, by the integrated circuit, a blockchain transaction from a point of sale device, the blockchain transaction including unspent transaction outputs, destination addresses, a cryptocurrency amount for each destination address, and a first digital signature generated using a second private key of a second cryptographic key pair; digitally signing, by the integrated circuit, the blockchain transaction using the first private key to generate a second digital signature; and transmitting, by the integrated circuit, the digitally signed blockchain transaction including the first digital signature and the second digital signature to the point of sale device.

A method includes providing, by a merchant computing device, a code representative of real-time cryptocurrency backed payment information to a user computing device to initiate a real-time cryptocurrency backed payment with the user computing device. The user computing device provides a first cryptocurrency to use in the real-time cryptocurrency backed payment, and the merchant computing device accepts a desired fiat currency. The method further includes verifying, by the user computing device, the code. The verification initiates the real-time cryptocurrency backed payment. The method further includes facilitating, by the network computing device, locking an amount of collateral cryptocurrency required to back the real-time cryptocurrency backed payment, instantly providing an amount of the desired fiat currency to the merchant computing device, and when receipt of an amount of the first cryptocurrency from the user computing device to cover the real-time cryptocurrency backed payment is confirmed, releasing the amount of the collateral cryptocurrency.

There is provided a processor(s) executing a blockchain smart contract, for: managing a primary reserve of primary tokens and a secondary reserve of secondary tokens, receiving a transaction request, obtaining an external price of the primary token, compute an updated value of the primary reserve according to the external price, in response to the updated total value of primary reserve being unequal to an initial staked value of the primary reserve, adjust primary and secondary dynamic reserve weights, wherein a total value computed by a function of the primary reserve after being increased or decreased by a target amount of primary tokens and using the adjusted primary and secondary dynamic reserve weights, is equal to the initial staked value of the primary reserve, and the total value of the primary reserve is maintained at a predefined ratio to a total value of the secondary reserve, and executing the transaction request.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for substantiating electronic assets managed by a blockchain network. In an exemplary aspect, a method comprises creating two nodes communicatively linked in a blockchain network, wherein at least one of the two nodes generates a block, linked to a genesis block of a blockchain, that generates a maximum possible amount of electronic assets that a memory cell of the at least one of the two nodes is capable to store. The method comprises ceasing further generation of the electronic assets by terminating the two nodes, wherein termination deletes keys used to generate the electronic assets. The method comprises transferring a substantiated portion of the electronic assets from a pre-issuance storage device to an issuance storage device and tracking on the blockchain, via a settlement blockchain network, orders made by the client devices in relation to the substantiated portion of the electronic assets.

The invention provides a generic operating system for coordinating, controlling and/or influencing the activities of a device. The invention is implemented using a blockchain platform with which the operating system is arranged to interact. The blockchain may be the Bitcoin blockchain. In a preferred embodiment, the device is an Internet of Things (IOT) device. The invention provides a computer-implemented control system and corresponding method for controlling a device, the system comprising a device configured for wireless communication with a network and having an IP address and a public-private key cryptographic key pair associated with the device; a software-implemented control component arranged to monitor the state of a blockchain network and/or transmit blockchain Transactions to the blockchain network; and a set of instructions arranged for execution by the control component to control the functionality of the device. The control component is arranged to access the set of instructions from a stored location which is separate to the device. The instructions may be stored in a Distributed Hash Table (DHT) and accessed for download and installation by the control component from the DHT as and when needed. The location of the DHT and/or instructions may be indicated or provided using metadata provided within a blockchain transaction. The set of instructions may be accessed by the control component using a look-up key which is related to a cryptographic key pair. The control component is provided on or in the device, or in other embodiments can be provided in an off-device location and arranged for wireless communication with the device.

The invention relates to the fields of tokenisation, blockchain and smart contract technologies. It provides a technical arrangement which simplifies the automated management of contracts. The invention comprises a method and system which use a computer-based repository for storage of the contract. The contract is then represented by a transaction on the blockchain. Metadata within the transaction's script includes a hash of the contract and a means of identifying its location within the repository. The transaction also includes an unspent output (UTXO) which indicates its status as an open (ie not terminated) contract. The contract is terminated by spending the output at a later point in time, for example, using n Lock Time+Check Lock Time Verify (CLTV). By combining this concept with other techniques and computing components, the invention can provide a powerful mechanism for implementing various tasks such as renewing or rolling over the contract, or dividing it into sub-contracts or conditions. Furthermore, as the status and existence of the contract is evidence via the blockchain, this provides a permanent, publicly visible and non-alterable record of the contract.

Various embodiments of the present application are directed towards systems and methods for hybrid blockchain control. According to some embodiments a method for hybrid blockchain control, an update to a distributed blockchain is received from a blockchain system. The blockchain system includes multiple nodes individually storing copies of the distributed blockchain and individually updating the copies by a consensus process. A determination is made as to whether the distributed blockchain has been fraudulently modified based on the received update. In response to determining the distributed blockchain has been fraudulently modified: 1) a corrective block is disseminated to the blockchain system to trigger the consensus process on the nodes; and 2) a predefined override in the consensus process is invoked to update the copies of the distributed blockchain in a manner that bypasses an illegitimate block. Further, the predefined override is invoked while the consensus process processes the corrective block.

Replacing discrete digital coin payment with a continuous payment flow to be used between devices on the Internet of Things. This pay-as-you-go, real-time payment regimen accommodates continuous, variable rate payment with no subsequent invoicing burden.

Described herein is a system for generating a master token to be associated with a set of tokens. In some embodiments, a number of tokens may be obtained by a communication device, which may be provided to a primary authorization computer. The primary authorization computer may generate a master token to be associated with each of those tokens. When the master token is used to complete a transaction, an authorization request may be received by the primary authorization computer that includes the master token. Upon receiving this, the primary authorization computer may obtain approval from a number of secondary authorization computers associated with the tokens, and may generate an authorization response based on those approvals.

A distributed network includes a plurality of computing devices operably connected to each other over a network and a server. The plurality of computing devices include a first gateway, a distributed database implemented with at least some of the plurality of computing devices over a network, a first memory including a group device list that stores information associated with computing devices included in a first group managed by the first gateway, and a first processor operably connected to the distributed database and the first memory, and a network interface configured to communicate with the distributed network. The server includes a second memory configured to store a gateway list including information associated with a plurality of gateways including the first gateway and a second processor.