An object detection device may include a variational autoencoder (VAE) configured to encode image data to generate a latent vector, and decode the latent vector to generate new image data. The object detection device may also include a quantum computing circuit configured to perform quantum subset summing, and a processor. The processor may be configured to generate a game theory reward matrix for a plurality of different deep learning models, cooperate with the quantum computing circuit to perform quantum subset summing of the game theory reward matrix, select a deep learning model from the plurality thereof based upon the quantum subset summing of the game theory reward matrix, and process the new image data using the selected deep learning model for object detection.