A display that contains a sparse array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), including a related system and method of fabrication are disclosed. The display includes at least one panel disposed in or on a transparent material to provide a display on one or both sides of the material. Each tile has a transparent flexible substrate, a sparse array of LEDs disposed on the transparent flexible substrate, a rigid substrate adhered to the transparent flexible substrate via an adhesive layer in which the sparse array of LEDs is encapsulated, and a driver disposed on an edge of the tile and configured to drive the LEDs. The LEDs are sparse enough to enable information to be displayed through the transparent material while still enabling a viewer to see through the transparent material.

A display that contains a sparse array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), system, and method of fabrication are disclosed. The display includes a panel having at least one tile configured to display information. The panel is disposed within or on a transparent material. Each tile includes an array of LEDs, which have a uniform distance therebetween such that light from the array is viewable on opposing sides of the panel while providing visibility through the panel. A darkening layer on at least one side of the panel provides selectable darkening to block the light from exiting the at least one side of the panel.

A display that contains a sparse array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), including a related system and method of fabrication are disclosed. The display includes at least one panel disposed in or on a transparent material to provide a display on one or both sides of the material. Each tile has a transparent flexible substrate, a sparse array of LEDs disposed on the transparent flexible substrate, a rigid substrate adhered to the transparent flexible substrate via an adhesive layer in which the sparse array of LEDs is encapsulated, and a driver disposed on an edge of the tile and configured to drive the LEDs. The LEDs are sparse enough to enable information to be displayed through the transparent material while still enabling a viewer to see through the transparent material.

A liquid crystal display device is disclosed utilizing two or more display panels stacked on top of each other. In a dual panel configuration, the first display panel may be comprised of color pixels and the second display panel may be comprised of contrast pixels. The color pixel in the first display panel has a corresponding contrast pixel in the second display panel wherein said contrast pixel is larger in terms of length and in size than the corresponding color pixel. The liquid crystal display device may also switch to a mode that uses an expansion method of contrast pixels to reduce image displacement. Further disclosed is a configuration where the relative position of the first display panel and the second display panel may be adjusted to align the corresponding color and contrast pixels when viewing the display in oblique angles.

An image forming system includes a spatial light modulator (SLM) including a plurality of pixels. Each pixel is configured to diffract incident light and cause the diffracted light to exit the SLM, where a first diffraction order of light exiting the SLM passes through a first exit pupil and higher diffraction orders of light exiting the SLM pass through additional exit pupils having different positions from the first exit pupil. Control logic operatively coupled to the plurality of pixels is configured to control each pixel to control its modulation of the light incident on the pixel and cause the plurality of pixels to collectively form an image at each exit pupil. A light source is configured to emit incident light toward the SLM. A resampling layer is configured to subsample each pixel electrode with two or more samples per pixel to increase a spacing between each exit pupil.

A liquid crystal display device is disclosed utilizing two or more display panels stacked on top of each other. In a dual panel configuration, the first display panel may be comprised of color pixels and the second display panel may be comprised of contrast pixels. The color pixel in the first display panel has a corresponding contrast pixel in the second display panel wherein said contrast pixel is larger in terms of length and in size than the corresponding color pixel. The liquid crystal display device may also switch to a mode that uses an expansion method of contrast pixels to reduce image displacement. Further disclosed is a configuration where the relative position of the first display panel and the second display panel may be adjusted to align the corresponding color and contrast pixels when viewing the display in oblique angles.

In an apparatus for modulating light, a spatial light modulator includes a plurality of pixels and configured to modulate input light in response to a drive voltage for each of the pixels. An input value setting unit is configured to set an input value for the each of pixels. The input value is a digital value, an entire gray level of the digital value is N, and N is a natural number. A converting unit is configured to convert the input value to a control value. A control value is a digital value, an entire gray level of the control value is M, and M is a natural number greater than N. A driving unit is configured to convert the control value to a voltage value and drive the each of the pixels in response to the drive voltage corresponding to the voltage value.

A display may include illumination optics, a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon (fLCOS) panel, and a waveguide. The illumination optics may produce illumination that is modulated by the fLCOS panel to produce image light. The waveguide may direct the image light towards an eye box. The fLCOS panel may include a ferroelectric liquid crystal (fLC) layer and a backplane. In order to maximize the reflectance of the fLCOS panel and thus the optical performance of the display, the backplane may be a silver backplane or a dielectric mirror backplane. In addition, the backplane may have a cell gap that is equal to a wavelength divided by four times the birefringence of the fLC layer. In order to further optimize the optical performance of the display module, the wavelength used in determining the cell gap may be a green wavelength between 500 nm and 565 nm.

In an apparatus for modulating light, a spatial light modulator includes a plurality of pixels and configured to modulate input light in response to a drive voltage for each of the pixels. An input value setting unit is configured to set an input value for the each of pixels. The input value is a digital value, an entire gray level of the digital value is N, and N is a natural number. A converting unit is configured to convert the input value to a control value. A control value is a digital value, an entire gray level of the control value is M, and M is a natural number greater than N. A driving unit is configured to convert the control value to a voltage value and drive the each of the pixels in response to the drive voltage corresponding to the voltage value.

A display that contains a sparse array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), system, and method of fabrication are disclosed. The display includes a panel having at least one tile configured to display information. The panel is disposed within or on a transparent material. Each tile includes an array of LEDs, which have a uniform distance therebetween such that light from the array is viewable on opposing sides of the panel while providing visibility through the panel. A darkening layer on at least one side of the panel provides selectable darkening to block the light from exiting the at least one side of the panel.