This disclosure describes methods and systems for preventing, moderating, and/or treating brain injury. The methods herein may include obtaining a test result reflecting a condition of a brain in the subject, determining a stimulation parameter based on the test result, and stimulating a nerve based on the stimulation parameter, wherein stimulation of the nerve assists or causes contraction of a respiratory muscle in the subject. The systems herein may include a processor configured to: receive a test result reflecting a condition of a brain in a subject, and determine a stimulation parameter based on the test result; and a stimulator configured to stimulate a nerve based on the stimulation parameter, wherein stimulation of the nerve assists or causes contraction of a respiratory muscle in the subject.

A rechargeable therapeutic system for treating conditions of a user's nasal cavities, sinuses or ear canals includes a therapeutic device having a housing that includes an inlet that allows air to enter the therapeutic device. An acoustic vibrator located within the housing provides an acoustic vibration to the user, and a power supply located within the housing provides power to the acoustic vibrator. A mask is connected to the housing and configured to be applied around the nose of the user. A valve of the mask is configured to allow the user to breathe through the inlet. The mask further includes a diaphragm and a nasal cavity in which the user's nose is located when the mask is applied around the nose of the user. A recharging station is configured to provide a charging current to the power supply.

This disclosure describes methods and systems for preventing, moderating, and/or treating brain injury. The methods herein may include obtaining a test result reflecting a condition of a brain in the subject, determining a stimulation parameter based on the test result, and stimulating a nerve based on the stimulation parameter, wherein stimulation of the nerve assists or causes contraction of a respiratory muscle in the subject. The systems herein may include a processor configured to: receive a test result reflecting a condition of a brain in a subject, and determine a stimulation parameter based on the test result; and a stimulator configured to stimulate a nerve based on the stimulation parameter, wherein stimulation of the nerve assists or causes contraction of a respiratory muscle in the subject.

A cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR, device (100, 200, 400) for delivering intrathoracic pressure pulses to a subject (290), the device comprising an air pressure generator (110, 310, 410) for delivering air to the airways of the subject (290), wherein the air pressure generator (110, 310, 410) is configured to: operate a first mode, wherein in the first mode the air pressure generator (110, 310, 410) generates a first output (412, 770a, 770b) comprising a first plurality of positive pressure pulses (771) for temporally increasing the subject's intrathoracic pressure to induce compressions of the heart of the subject (290) by increasing the volume of the subject's lungs; operate a second mode, wherein in the second mode the air pressure generator (110, 310, 410) generates a second output (414, 880) comprising a second plurality of positive pressure pulses for providing an assured airflow to the lungs of the subject (290); and deliver a resulting output (425, 986, 1086) to the airways of the subject (290), the resulting output being the superposition of the first output (412, 770a, 770b) and of the second output (414, 880); wherein said first plurality of positive pressure pulses (771) have an amplitude greater than 30 mbar and a frequency in a range of 40-240 beats per minute; and wherein said second plurality of positive pressure pulses have an amplitude smaller than 30 mbar and a frequency in a range of 3 to 20 cycles per minute.

Systems and methods for biomodulation of a target volume of tissues within a living subject are provided. A biomodulation system can include a number of features, including a light-emitting system to produce an elevated molecular excitation state and coherent resonance energy transfer within a fluid volume, a fluid container configured to hold a fluid and the living subject to be treated, and a fluid management system of the fluid volume. The biomodulation system can implement a treatment regime involving variable control parameters including wavelength, irradiance, energy density, pulse frequency, peak power, irradiation time and others to affect biomodulation depending upon the characteristics and condition of a target volume within the living subject.

A system includes a guidance device that provides feedback to a user to compress a patient's chest at a rate of between about 90 and 110 compressions per minute and at a depth of between about 4.5 centimeters to about 6 centimeters. The system includes a pressure regulation system having a pressure-responsive valve that is configured to be coupled to a patient's airway. The pressure-responsive valve is configured to remain closed during successive chest compressions in order to permit removal at least about 200 ml from the lungs in order to lower intracranial pressure to improve survival with favorable neurological function. The pressure-responsive valve is configured to remain closed until the negative pressure within the patient's airway reaches about 7 cm H.sub.2O, at which time the pressure-responsive valve is configured to open to provide respiratory gases to flow to the lungs through the pressure-responsive valve.

A system for monitoring performance of a resuscitation activity on a patient by an acute care provider is provided. The system includes: a first wearable sensor configured to sense movement of a first portion of an acute care provider's hand; a second wearable sensor configured to sense movement of a second portion of the acute care provider's hand; and a controller. The controller is configured to: receive and process signals representative of performance of a resuscitation activity from the first sensor and the second sensor; identify from the processed signals information indicative of at least one of a relative distance, a relative orientation, a change in relative distance and a change in relative orientation between the first sensor and the second sensor during performance of the resuscitation activity; and determine at least one resuscitation activity parameter based, at least in part, on the identified information.

An apparatus induces and autonomously maintains a state of hypometabolism for long time periods in people who would otherwise suffer from a significant deterioration of their vital functions and a shorter life expectancy, or people who will have to stay in a space environment for a long time. The apparatus, made up of a double enclosure, includes a chamber for housing one person, which is equipped with means for controlling the person's vital functions and the environmental conditions, with the possibility of autonomously modifying the environmental parameters and dosing the administration of substances according to data obtained from measured physiological variables. Outside the chamber there is an interspace containing a liquid for shielding any radiation. A non-invasive monitoring of the main vital functions includes oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, heart rate, hemoglobin saturation, temperature of various body districts, muscular tone, electroencephalographic activity, respiratory rate and exchanged respiratory volumes.

A system for monitoring performance of a resuscitation activity on a patient by an acute care provider is provided. The system includes: a first wearable sensor configured to sense movement of a first portion of an acute care provider's hand; a second wearable sensor configured to sense movement of a second portion of the acute care provider's hand; and a controller. The controller is configured to: receive and process signals representative of performance of a resuscitation activity from the first sensor and the second sensor; identify from the processed signals information indicative of at least one of a relative distance, a relative orientation, a change in relative distance and a change in relative orientation between the first sensor and the second sensor during performance of the resuscitation activity; and determine at least one resuscitation activity parameter based, at least in part, on the identified information.

Methods of treating subjects may include assisting breathing of the subject via an external respiratory support device. The methods of treating subjects may further include delivering an electrical signal to a first nerve of the subject, wherein delivering of the first signal blocks a pain signal from a pulmonary stretch pain receptor. The methods may further include placing one or more electrodes proximate a first nerve, wherein the first electrodes are supported on an intravenous catheter.