A vehicular liquid containment system including a tank, a pressure sensor arranged to detect a pressure in a vapor dome inside the tank, at least two thermistors configured to detect temperatures at a plurality of levels of the tank, and leak detection logic operatively connected to the pressure sensor and the thermistors. The leak detection logic is configured to: use a first thermistor of the thermistors to perform a first measurement indicative of a temperature in the vapor dome in the tank; estimate an expected pressure evolution in function of at least the first temperature measurement; monitor pressure sensed by the pressure sensor, determine whether the monitored pressure deviates from the expected pressure evolution, and generate a leak condition signal conditional on the determining.

A thermal mass dispersion flow rate sensing transducer and transducer assembly or instrument for improved functional life of the transducer without degradation in sensing accuracy. Several aspects of the transducer components and structure reduce thermal leakage within the transducer so the sensor (RTD) output signal is accurately transmitted to the signal processor, resulting in precise T determinations and consequent precise determinations of mass flow rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit. Additionally, the same components and structure also have long life without appreciable degradation, thereby delaying any basis for the need for recalibration of the instrument.

A method and system for measuring a liquid level within a cold storage container and/or determining its cooling capacity based on the liquid level includes a sensor column. The sensor column has a plurality of resistive temperature detectors (RTDs) positioned along its length. A central controller is coupled to the plurality of RTDs. A cold storage container receives the sensor column, wherein the central controller may determine a liquid level of a cryogenic liquid held within the cold storage container using the RTDs. And based on the liquid level determined, the central controller determines a remaining cooling capacity of the cold storage container as the cryogenic liquid evaporates/changes phase over time. The central controller may also detect other conditions of the container, such as, but not limited to, a tilt position, an opened state, and/or presence of the container on a moving vehicle.

A sensor arrangement has a structure extending along a length, an optical fibre carrier, and an optical fibre sensor carried by the optical fibre carrier. The optical fibre carrier is fixed to the structure proximal to each end of the structure and is formed of a first carrier portion and a second carrier portion that are movable relative to each other and is formed substantially of a material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion. The optical fibre sensor has a single measurement point and is fixed to the optical fibre carrier either side of the single measurement point; and the structure is formed of a material having a second coefficient of thermal expansion which is different to the first coefficient of thermal expansion