A detection system may include a reaction cell which is a container for reacting the detection sample, a light source configured to emit a detection light toward an inside of the reaction cell from one side of the reaction cell, and a photoelectric sensor arranged on the other side of the reaction cell so as to face the light source and configured to receive the detection light transmitted through the reaction cell and convert a signal of the received detection light into an electrical signal. A judging method may include judging whether or not the detection sample has been supplied based on whether or not the electrical signal output from the photoelectric sensor changes by sending an instruction to supply the detection sample to the reaction cell to the detection system in a state in which the light source and the photoelectric sensor are kept being operated. When the liquid level of the detection sample reaches an optical path of the detection light and an amount of change of the electrical signal output from the photoelectric sensor exceeds a specified threshold, it may be judged that the detection sample has been supplied. According to embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to easily, assuredly and quickly judge whether or not the detection sample has been supplied by existing devices in a detection system.

An apparatus, a system, and a method for detecting water supply based on a vision sensor by performing big data, an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, and/or a machine learning algorithm in a 5G environment connected for the Internet of things is provided. The apparatus for detecting water may be used for a washing machine and includes a vision sensor mounted on a tub or in the vicinity of the tub, directed toward at least one water supply region of interest in the tub, and configured to acquire an image of the water supply region of interest, and a water supply level determiner configured to detect a water supply level through a vision algorithm based on the image information acquired by the vision sensor. The determiner may predict water supply time to the point in time at which the water supply will be completed based on models trained by machine learning.

A method for operating a dosing device comprising a control unit, a dosing unit with a cannula of a first volume, and a sampling container connected to the cannula. The method comprises moving the dosing unit in a first direction along an axis to move the cannula into a vessel containing a liquid; constantly aspirating fluid through the cannula with a predetermined volumetric flow; measuring at least one optical parameter of the aspirated fluid; when a change of the optical parameter is detected, storing a first position of the dosing unit on the axis and interrupting the movement of the dosing unit; and calculating a second position of the dosing unit on the axis at which the tip of the cannula has penetrated a first phase boundary upon immersion into the liquid. The calculation is performed on the basis of the first position, the predetermined speed, the first volume and the predetermined volumetric flow.

An analysis device, a cartridge, an analysis system and a method for preferably testing a biological sample. The analysis system has a sample sensor for monitoring the sample in a receiving cavity of the cartridge. The sample sensor preferably allows sedimentation of the sample to be measured or detected.

Provided is a portable, self-contained beverage apparatus. The beverage apparatus includes a container assembly having a known storage capacity for storing a consumable liquid, and a dispensing assembly disposed within the container assembly that dispenses variable, non-zero quantities of additives into the consumable liquid. The dispensing assembly includes multiple apertures structured and arranged to retain vessels containing the additives to be dispensed into the consumable liquid. The beverage apparatus also includes a level sensor disposed within the container assembly that determines a consumable liquid level of the consumable liquid stored in the container assembly.

A device for filling a container with a filling product in a beverage filling plant is provided. A transporting device for transporting a container to be filled during the filling process is provided, wherein the transporting device transports the container to be filled along a transporting path, and wherein at least one determining unit for determining the fill level of the filling product in the container is provided, wherein at least one of the determining units can be displaced synchronously with the transporting device at least in a sub-section of the transporting path of the container.

Systems, methods, and software program products for detecting an out-of-product condition in a chemical dispensing system. An optical sensor includes a photodetector and a light source configured to generate a beam of light. The light source is positioned such that the beam of light is incident on a supply line at an oblique angle. The supply line displaces the beam of light in dependence on the refractive index of a medium in the supply line. The photodetector is positioned so that it is in the optical path of the displaced beam of light when the refractive index of the of the medium in the supply line is indicative of one of a wet state or a dry state. A detection module receives an electrical signal from the photodetector and determines if the out-of-product conditions exists base thereon.

A vapor provision system includes a reservoir defining a storage volume to hold aerosolizable substrate material; and an aerosolizable substrate material detection system including an optical source located externally of the reservoir and operable to emit light into the storage volume; an optical detector located externally of the reservoir and operable to detect light emitted by the optical source that has traversed an optical path through the storage volume; and a controller configured to determine a characteristic of light detected by the optical detector and deduce information regarding a depth of aerosolizable substrate material in the storage volume from the determined characteristic of the light.

In one example a fluid level sensing device is described. The device includes a sensing die having a number of fluid level sensors disposed thereon and a number of control devices, each control device corresponding to one of the number of fluid level sensors. A control device includes a comparing device to determine a state of a corresponding fluid level sensor. A state of the fluid level sensor is selected from the group consisting of a fluid state and a no-fluid state. Each control device also includes a non-volatile memory device corresponding to the comparing device to indicate whether the corresponding fluid level sensor is at the fluid state or the no-fluid state. A control device also includes a locking device to irreversibly set the non-volatile memory device to the no-fluid state independent of a write command from a controller.

Provided is a system (1) for autonomous filling of a container (5), comprising: a fluid dispenser (9); a distance (11); a plurality of electromagnetic radiation emitters (2) and receivers (3); a user interface (6) configured to receive a desired percentage of the height of the container (5) to be filled with liquid; and a controller electronically connected to the distance sensor (11), the plurality of emitters (2) and receivers (3), the user interface (6) and the fluid dispenser (9).