The present disclosure includes an imaging sensor, an imaging method, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The imaging sensor includes a plurality of wavelength detection regions. The plurality of wavelength detection regions including at least a first wavelength detection region. The first wavelength detection region comprises a plurality of pixels configured to detect light within a first pre-determined wavelength range, and detect the light at different pre-determined polarization directions.

An oximeter sensor system includes a light source group having a plurality of LEDs including at least a first visible light LED, a second visible light LED and an infrared LED adjacent the first visible light LED and the second visible light LED, an infrared filter disposed in front of only the first visible light LED and the second visible light LED, a light source housing having a base, one or more sidewalls and a light-emitting end where the light source housing has a frustum shape where the light source group is disposed adjacent the base and facing the light-emitting end and where the one or more sidewalls has a reflective coating thereon, a light detector disposed opposite to, spaced from and facing the light-emitting end of the light source housing, and a cuvette disposed between the light-emitting end of the light source housing and the light detector.

Optical measuring system for determining polarization-optical properties of a sample, which comprises a polarization state generator (PSG) which is configured for preparing a measuring light which is propagating along an analysis beam path with a defined polarization state; a sample receptacle which is arranged downstream of the PSG in the analysis beam path and which is adapted for receiving the sample; a polarization state analyzer (PSA) which is arranged downstream of the sample receptacle in the analysis beam path; a detector which is arranged downstream of the PSA in the analysis beam path for detecting the measuring light, wherein the PSA and the detector are configured for capturing a polarization rotation .sub.P(.sub.eff) of the measuring light which is caused by the sample; and an evaluation and control unit for evaluating measuring signals from the detector and/or PSA and/or PSG, wherein a wavelength-spectrum of the measuring light contains at least a first wavelength .sub.1 and a second wavelength .sub.2, wherein the detector is configured for detecting measuring light with the first wavelength separated from measuring light with the second wavelength, and wherein the evaluation and control unit is configured for calculating a polarization rotation .sub.P(.sub.0) of the measuring light which is caused by the sample at a standardized wavelength .sub.0 in dependency from (a) a first polarization rotation .sub.P(.sub.1) at the first wavelength .sub.1, (b) a second polarization rotation .sub.P(.sub.2) at the second wavelength .sub.2, (c) a first transmission T(.sub.1) at the first wavelength .sub.1, and (d) a second transmission T(.sub.2) at the second wavelength .sub.2.

For determining concentration of targeted molecules M.sub.G in a liquid sample admixed with interfering molecules M.sub.J which overlap their absorption band, a special NDIR sampling and calibration technique is employed. Besides the signal source, a reference and one or more interference sources are added. The selection of the wavelength for the interference sources enables its measured transmittance value to be used for deciding the validity of the calibration curve for molecules M.sub.G in the liquid sample. This value can further be used to adjust the calibration curve via a parameter linking the transmittances measured at the signal and interference wavelength channels in order to assure its validity.

The present disclosure describes a device and corresponding method for measuring tar in a tar environment, e.g., a tar producing environment such as a stove or a combustion engine, based on UV absorption spectroscopy. A first measurement along an optical path in the tar environment is performed at a wavelength less than 340 nm at which both tar and non-tar elements absorb. This measurement is compensated for non-tar absorption by means of a second measurement at a wavelength equal to or greater than 340 nm at which tar does not absorb. From the non-tar compensated absorbance value a measure of tar in the tar environment is derived and an air intake in the tar environment is regulated based on the measure of tar.

A system for measuring hematocrit in a whole blood sample is provided. An absorbent substrate is adapted to receive a whole blood sample. At least one light source is positioned to illuminate the sample on the substrate at first and second wavelengths. The first and second wavelengths are different from each other. A spectral sensor is positioned to measure a first intensity and a second intensity of light diffusely reflected from the sample at the first and second wavelengths, respectively. The diffusely reflected first and second intensities of light are compared to reference values to generate first and second reflectance values. A controller, coupled to the spectral sensor, is configured to determine a first differential reflectance between the first and second reflectances. The hematocrit level of the sample is determined based on a first stored relationship between hematocrit and a differential reflectance corresponding to the first and second wavelengths.

A blood coagulation analyzer and analyzing method perform following: (a) preparing a measurement specimen by dispensing a blood specimen and a reagent into a reaction container; (b) emitting light of a plurality of wavelengths to the measurement specimen in the reaction container, the wavelengths comprising a first wavelength for use in a measurement by a blood coagulation time method, and at least one of a second wavelength for use in a measurement by a synthetic substrate method and a third wavelength for use in a measurement by an immunoturbidimetric method; (c) detecting light of a plurality of wavelengths corresponding to the light emitted in (b), from the measurement specimen, by a light receiving element, and acquiring data corresponding to each wavelength; and (d) conducting an analysis based on the data corresponding to one of the wavelengths among the acquired data, and acquiring a result of the analysis.

A colorimeter accessory for a smartphone is provided that, by leveraging the high-volume development of sophisticated smart phone technology, substantially reduces the cost of a colorimeter. The invention provides a sample holder that adapts to a range of smart phone cameras and that provides a light source and interference filter necessary for making accurate narrowband measures of light transmission through the sample holder. A correction system operates to compensate for characteristics of the smart phone camera that can affect accuracy of the reading. The processing system of the smart phone may be enlisted for this correction system and for calculation of concentrations of solution through the measurements that are made.

For determining concentration of targeted molecules M.sub.G in a liquid sample admixed with interfering molecules M.sub.J which overlap their absorption band, a special NDIR sampling and calibration technique is employed. Besides the signal source, a reference and one or more interference sources are added. The selection of the wavelength for the interference sources enables its measured transmittance value to be used for deciding the validity of the calibration curve for molecules M.sub.G in the liquid sample. This value can further be used to adjust the calibration curve via a parameter linking the transmittances measured at the signal and interference wavelength channels in order to assure its validity.

A measuring device includes: an irradiator that irradiates electromagnetic waves to an inspection object; a light collector having a reflecting surface that guides, to a light-collecting surface, electromagnetic waves whose incident angle with respect to an incident end facing the inspection object is within a predetermined angle, among the electromagnetic waves that have been transmitted through the inspection object; and a detector that detects the electromagnetic waves guided to the light-collecting surface. The measuring device measures a characteristic of the inspection object based on the detected electromagnetic waves.