A detector arrangement for a blood culture bottle incorporating a colorimetric sensor which is subject to change of color due to change in pH or CO.sub.2 of a sample medium within the blood culture bottle. The detector arrangement includes a sensor LED illuminating the colorimetric sensor, a reference LED illuminating the colorimetric sensor, a control circuit for selectively and alternately activating the sensor LED and the reference LED, and a photodetector. The photodetector measures reflectance from the colorimetric sensor during the selective and alternating illumination of the colorimetric sensor with the sensor LED and the reference LED and generates intensity signals. The reference LED is selected to have a peak wavelength of illumination such that the intensity signals of the photodetector from illumination by the reference LED are not substantially affected by changes in the color of the colorimetric sensor.

In an embodiment a sensor device includes a first optoelectronic emitter configured to irradiate a spot with electromagnetic rays, a second optoelectronic emitter configured to irradiate the spot with electromagnetic rays, a detector configured to detect electromagnetic rays from the first and second emitters reflected at or transmitted through the spot, wherein the electromagnetic rays of the first emitter have a wavelength in a range of 1400-1500 nm, wherein the electromagnetic rays of the second emitter have a wavelength in a range of 900-1100 nm, and wherein the second emitter is configured to emit at least one further electromagnetic signal, the one further electromagnetic signal not being used for measuring a humidity.

Disclosed is a method analysing plastic preforms, wherein plastic preforms are transported along a predetermined transport path by a transport device and an infrared absorption coefficient is determined in at least one region of the plastic preform, wherein, in order to determine the infrared absorption coefficient of the plastic preform, infrared radiation is applied to the plastic preform by a first radiation device and radiation passing through the plastic preform is received by at least one receiving device and an infrared absorption behaviour of the plastic preform is determined from this received radiation, wherein the radiation device acts upon the plastic preforms with infrared radiation in a predetermined wavelength range and an evaluation device evaluates the radiation as a function of its wavelength in a wavelength range from 1500 nm to 2000 nm.

Quantitative colorimetric carbon dioxide detection and measurement systems are disclosed. The systems can include a gas conduit, a colorimetric indicator adapted to exhibit a color change in response to exposure to carbon dioxide gas, a temperature controller operatively coupled to the colorimetric indicator and configured to control the temperature of the colorimetric indicator, an electro-optical sensor assembly including a light source or sources adapted to transmit light to the colorimetric indicator, and a photodiode or photodiodes configured to detect light reflected from the colorimetric indicator and to generate a measurement signal, and a processor in communication with the electro-optical sensor assembly. The processor can be configured to receive the measurement signal generated by the electro-optical sensor assembly and to compute a concentration of carbon dioxide based on the measurement signal. Methods for using the systems are also disclosed including providing a breathing therapy to a patient or user.

A detection camera includes an imaging optical unit and a light receiving unit that acquire image data, a first detection processing unit that detects a specified substance, a second detection processing unit that acquires distance information from the imaging optical unit to the specified substance, and a display control unit that outputs display data in which information regarding the specified substance is combined with the image data in a case where the distance information is in a detection target distance range.

The present invention provides a method for determining whether or not a sample contains at least one of Cercospora fungus and Pseudocercospora fungus. In the method, first, the sample is added an aqueous solution containing N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine and 5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-3-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium to provide a mixture. The aqueous solution has a pH of not less than 5.1 and not more than 6.5. Then, the mixture is irradiated with light having a wavelength of 400 to 500 nanometers to measure a first absorbance Ay of the mixture, and the mixture is irradiated with light having a wavelength of 500 to 800 nanometers to measure a second absorbance Ax of the mixture. If the value of Ay/Ax is not less than 1.5 or the mixture is orangey, it is determined that the sample contains at least one of Cercospora fungus and Pseudocercospora fungus.

A substance detection sensor includes a first light source, a second light source, and a substance detector. The first light source irradiates a detection area including a plurality of target areas with reference light having a first wavelength through surface irradiation using optical scanning. The second light source irradiates the detection area with first measuring light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength through the surface irradiation using the optical scanning. The substance detector detects a specific substance in the detection area based on reflection light of the reference light from the first light source and reflection light of the first measuring light from the second light source.

To provide a concentration measurement method that makes it possible to accurately, quickly, and non-destructively measure the concentration of a predetermined chemical component to a trace level of concentration by a simple means, that makes it possible to accurately and quickly measure the concentration of a chemical component within an object to be measured to a nano-order trace concentration level in real time, and that has a versatility which makes it possible to adapt said concentration measurement method to a variety of situations and embodiments. A time sharing method is used to irradiate an object to be measured with each of light of a first wavelength and light of a second wavelength having different light absorption rates with respect to the object to be measured, light of each of said wavelengths that arrives optically through the object to be measured as a result of irradiating with the light of each of said wavelengths is received by a shared light reception sensor, a signal relating to light of the first wavelength and a signal relating to light of the second wavelength are output from the light reception sensor in accordance with the received light and a differential signal of said signals is formed, and the concentration of a chemical component in the object to be measured is derived on the basis of the differential signal.

A device, system and method for monitoring a pulmonary system of a subject. An optical member for emitting a light signal through a cavity of the pulmonary system of the subject. The optical member and a detector unit are configured to be positioned so that the light signal detected that has ebb transmitted from the optical member through the cavity. A control unit is configured for evaluating the detected light signal for determining a physiological status of said pulmonary system of the subject.

An apparatus for determining the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in a whole blood sample includes a sample holder including an elongate sample chamber having an open end and a closed end. A holding member is adapted to receive and retain the sample holder. The holding member rotates may rotate about an axis of rotation. When the sample holder is received and retained by the holding member the sample chamber is substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation. First and second light sources are positioned on one side of the sample holder and are configured to emit light in respective different frequencies. At least one light sensor is positioned on a second side of the sample holder, opposite from the first side, so that light from the light source may pass through the sample chamber, in at least one rotational position of the sample holder, and impinge on the light sensor.