Configurations for in-situ gas detection are provided, and include miniaturized photonic devices, low-optical-loss, guided-wave structures and state-selective adsorption coatings. High quality factor semiconductor resonators have been demonstrated in different configurations, such as micro-disks, micro-rings, micro-toroids, and photonic crystals with the properties of very narrow NIR transmission bands and sensitivity up to 10.sup.9 (change in complex refractive index). The devices are therefore highly sensitive to changes in optical properties to the device parameters and can be tunable to the absorption of the chemical species of interest. Appropriate coatings applied to the device enhance state-specific molecular detection.

A gas detection system uses intracavity fiber laser absorption spectroscopy. The fiber laser is stabilized by a saturable absorber, and the sensitivity is enhanced by multiple circulations of amplified spontaneous emission light under threshold conditions, and multi-longitudinal mode oscillation of the laser.

A system and method for cavity ring-down spectroscopy can include a pulsed quantum cascade laser, an optical ring-down cavity, a photodetector, and an oscilloscope. The system and method can produce pulse widths of less than 200 ns with bandwidths greater than 300 pm, as well as provide temporal resolution of greater than 10 s.

A device for collaborative detection of carbon and nitrogen emissions and a method thereof are provided. The device includes an integrating cavity, a single beam laser and a dual beam hybrid laser set at opposite ends of the integrating cavity, and an information acquisition and analysis system. The single beam laser and the dual beam hybrid laser are respectively used to continuously emit and transmit laser beams into the integrating cavity. The single beam laser and the dual beam hybrid laser can achieve simultaneous spatio-temporal high-frequency detection of any concentration of CO.sub.2CH.sub.4N.sub.2ON.sub.2 mixed gas in one integrating cavity, and the concentration of CO.sub.2, CH.sub.4, and N.sub.2O can be inverted through the information acquisition and analysis system. This device meets the research demand for simultaneous detection of multiple greenhouse gases under the same path, greatly improving the utilization efficiency of the integrating cavity and saving detection costs.

A device for collaborative detection of carbon and nitrogen emissions and a method thereof are provided. The device includes an integrating cavity, a single beam laser and a dual beam hybrid laser set at opposite ends of the integrating cavity, and an information acquisition and analysis system. The single beam laser and the dual beam hybrid laser are respectively used to continuously emit and transmit laser beams into the integrating cavity. The single beam laser and the dual beam hybrid laser can achieve simultaneous spatio-temporal high-frequency detection of any concentration of CO.sub.2CH.sub.4N.sub.2ON.sub.2 mixed gas in one integrating cavity, and the concentration of CO.sub.2, CH.sub.4, and N.sub.2O can be inverted through the information acquisition and analysis system. This device meets the research demand for simultaneous detection of multiple greenhouse gases under the same path, greatly improving the utilization efficiency of the integrating cavity and saving detection costs.

Techniques for detecting cannabinoid, opioid, and virus aerosols in an exhaled breath are provided. An example method for analyzing exhaled breath includes receiving an aerosol breath sample, concentrating the aerosol breath sample onto an infrared-transparent coupon with an electrostatic precipitator, disposing the infrared-transparent coupon in an optical path of a spectroscopy system, detecting one or more infrared spectral features of the concentrated aerosol breath sample with the spectroscopy system, and analyzing the aerosol breath sample based on the one or more infrared spectral features.

A gas detection system uses intracavity fiber laser absorption spectroscopy. The fiber laser is stabilized by a saturable absorber, and the sensitivity is enhanced by multiple circulations of amplified spontaneous emission light under threshold conditions, and multi-longitudinal mode oscillation of the laser.

Modular docking station and methods for sampling and monitoring gas and other fluids, where a sampling device is able to be removably attached to the docking station, thereby allowing the sampling device to be replaced without having to remove or disconnect the docking station from the rest of the sampling system. This allows the docking station to remain connected to the rest of the system with minimal or no interruption and reduces maintenance costs and time when replacing the sampling device.

Disclosed herein is a spectroscopy device incorporating a mid-infrared laser. In one particular embodiment a spectroscopy device is provided including: a substrate; a single mode laser positioned on the substrate; a single mode detector positioned opposite to the single mode laser on the substrate. A gap is formed between the single mode laser and the single mode detector and a substance is positioned in the gap. The single mode laser is configured to output a tunable narrow wavelength of radiation towards the detector and when the single mode laser outputs a wavelength of radiation overlapping one of the substance's rotational-vibrational energy levels, the substance at least partially absorbs the radiation. The single mode detector is configured to measure the amount of narrow wavelength radiation that is not absorbed by the substance between the single mode detector and the single mode laser.

An optical device includes a tunable laser for repeatedly irradiating a sample with laser light as wavelength scans over a defined wavelength range, a trigger unit and a data acquisition unit. The laser outputs at least a first trigger signal and a second trigger signal. The first trigger signal outputs a temporal start and a temporal end of a wavelength scan, and the second trigger signal comprises a pattern of scanning pulses distributed over the tunable wavelength range at predefined wavelength intervals. The trigger unit has an adder which adds the trigger signals and a mixer which mixes the trigger signals with the reference signal to form the trigger output signal. A method for capturing infrared absorption spectra is also provided.