A spatial gradient-based fluorometer featuring a signal processor or processing module configured to: receive signaling containing information about light reflected off fluorophores in a liquid and sensed by a linear sensor array having a length and rows and columns of optical elements; and determine corresponding signaling containing information about a fluorophore concentration of the liquid a fluorophore concentration of the liquid that depends on a spatial gradient of the light reflected and sensed along the length of the linear sensor array, based upon the signaling received

The present invention discloses a device and method for detecting fluid transparency. The detection device comprises: a detection pipeline, which allows a beam to be incident on and emergent from a fluid therein; a laser tube, used for outputting the incident beam; and a photoelectric detector, used for detecting the emergent beam from the fluid, wherein the photoelectric detector comprises a scatter detector and a transmission detector; and the detection method comprises obtaining a scattered background noise value and a transmission background noise value of a device, obtaining the scattered light intensity I.sub.scatter obtained by the scatter detector and the transmission light intensity I.sub.transmission obtained by the transmission detector, and calculating the particle-absorbed light intensity I.sub.absorb; obtaining the total light intensity I.sub.total of a laser; and obtaining a fluid transparency T. With the described detection device and detection method, the accuracy of detecting fluid transparency may be effectively improved.

A smoke detector for an aspirating smoke detection system includes a housing that defines a detection chamber, wherein the housing includes a metallic layer optically exposed to the detection chamber; a laser arranged to direct a beam of light through the detection chamber; a photodiode arranged to detect light scattered from the beam of light; and a heater positioned proximate the metallic layer and outside of the detection chamber, wherein the metallic layer is configured to conduct heat from the heater.

A method is provided for detecting a property of a gas comprising: emitting a light, comprising a plurality of wavelengths covering a plurality of absorption lines of the gas, along a first axis, the light being scattered by particles of the gas resulting in a scattered light, generating a sensor image using a detection arrangement configured to receive the scattered light and comprising: an optical arrangement having an optical plane and being configured to direct the scattered light on to a light sensor, the light sensor having at least one pixel columns, wherein the pixel columns are aligned to an image plane and configured to output a sensor image, wherein the first axis, the optical plane, and the image plane intersect such that a Scheimpflug condition is achieved, determining, from the sensor image, properties of the gas at a plurality of positions along the first axis.

An optical measuring device that measures one or more parameters indicating a state of a measured liquid, includes: a light source that irradiates light to the measured liquid; a light receiver that detects a measured light based on the light irradiated to the measured liquid; an optical component that is disposed on an optical path between the light source and the light receiver; and a heat source on the optical component and that has optical transparency and electrical conductivity.

An aspirating detector system includes a detector and a controller. The detector includes a chamber, a light source adjacent the chamber, and a sensor adjacent the chamber. The sensor is operable to emit sensor signals responsive to received light from interaction of a light beam from the light source with an analyte in the chamber. The controller is connected to receive the sensor signals. The controller is configured to determine whether a target substance is present in the analyte based on an intensity of the received light.

Techniques for quantitative colorimetric liquid analysis with color and turbidity correction are provided. In one aspect, an optical detector includes: a vessel for containing a liquid sample; a light source on a first side of the vessel; a first sensor on a second side of the vessel opposite the first side and along a light path of the light source; and a second sensor on a third side of the vessel at an angle θ with respect to the light path. A method for quantitative measurement of an analyte is also provided, as is a method for color and turbidity analysis.

To accurately measure chromaticity and turbidity while achieving downsizing and employing a turbidity measurement method based on water quality standards of each country, an optical measurement includes a cell that accommodates a liquid sample, a transmitted light measurement light source that irradiates the liquid sample in the cell with light for transmittance, a scattered light measurement light source that irradiates the liquid sample in the cell with light for scattering, a photodetector that detects light from both sources, and a reflection mirror that reflects the light for transmittance in the cell to cause the light for transmittance to be directed to the photodetector. The scattered light measurement light source emits the light for scattering toward a post-reflection optical path of the light for transmittance reflected by the reflection mirror and directed to the photodetector so that the light for scattering intersects the post-reflection optical path at a predetermined angle.

A particle characterization apparatus is disclosed comprising: a first light source; a second light source, a sample cell; a first detector and a second detector. The first light source is operable to illuminate a first region of a sample comprising dispersed particles within the sample cell with a first light beam along a first light beam axis so as to produce scattered light by interactions of the first light beam with the sample. The first detector is configured to detect the scattered light. The second light source is operable to illuminate a second region of the sample with a second light beam along a second light beam axis. The second detector is an imaging detector, configured to image the particles along an imaging axis using the second light beam. The first light beam axis is at an angle of at least 5 degrees to the second light beam axis.

Methods and systems are described herein for early detection of scaling during processing of liquid solutions. Particularly, the methods and systems described herein provide detection of the onset of scalant crystallization, so that measures can be deployed in a way that avoids significant scaling of membranes or other separating elements.