Some implementations provide a tool assembly for monitoring reservoir water salinity and reservoir production performance at a borehole, the tool assembly comprising: a water salinity measuring probe that includes a pair of electrodes, wherein the water salinity measuring probe is mounted at a tip of the tool assembly and configured to measure a water conductivity between the pair of electrodes when the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole; a spinner tool configured to measure a total flow rate at where the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole, wherein the spinner tool is located above the water salinity measuring probe when the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole; and a temperature probe configured to measure a temperature at where the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole, wherein the temperature probe is located above the spinner tool when the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole.

Some implementations provide a tool assembly for monitoring reservoir water salinity and reservoir production performance at a borehole, the tool assembly comprising: a water salinity measuring probe that includes a pair of electrodes, wherein the water salinity measuring probe is mounted at a tip of the tool assembly and configured to measure a water conductivity between the pair of electrodes when the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole; a spinner tool configured to measure a total flow rate at where the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole, wherein the spinner tool is located above the water salinity measuring probe when the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole; and a temperature probe configured to measure a temperature at where the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole, wherein the temperature probe is located above the spinner tool when the tool assembly is immersed inside the borehole.

Presteralized manifolds are provided which are designed for sterile packaging and single-use approaches. Disposable tubing and flexible-wall containers are assembled via aseptic connectors. These manifolds are adapted to interact with other equipment which can be operated by a controller which provides automated and accurate delivery of biotechnology fluid. The manifold also can be used in conjunction with one or more sensors such as pressure and conductivity sensors that interact with the controller or are connected to a separate user interface. An aseptic environment obtains avoiding or reducing cleaning and quality assurance procedures.

Presteralized manifolds are provided which are designed for sterile packaging and single-use approaches. Disposable tubing and flexible-wall containers are assembled via aseptic connectors. These manifolds are adapted to interact with other equipment which can be operated by a controller which provides automated and accurate delivery of biotechnology fluid. The manifold also can be used in conjunction with one or more sensors such as pressure and conductivity sensors that interact with the controller or are connected to a separate user interface. An aseptic environment obtains avoiding or reducing cleaning and quality assurance procedures.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to apparatus and methods for verification and re-use of process fluids. The apparatus generally includes a tool for performing lithography, and a recirculation path coupled to the tool. The recirculation path generally includes a collection unit coupled at first end to a first end of the tool, and a probe coupled at a first end to a second end of the collection unit, the probe for determining one or more characteristics of a fluid flowing from the tool. The recirculation path of the apparatus further generally includes a purification unit coupled at a first end to a third end of the collection unit, the purification unit further coupled at a second end to a second end of the probe, the purification unit for changing a characteristic of the fluid.

A hydrocyclone for separating feed into overflow and underflow comprises a feed inlet, an overflow outlet, an apex for discharging underflow, an upper section connected to the feed inlet and the overflow outlet, a conical section between the upper section and the apex and a plurality of electrodes for measuring electrical conductivity inside the hydrocyclone to detect the formation of a roping state in the hydrocyclone. The plurality of electrodes are is positioned circumferentially in the conical section on an axial distance from the apex (d.sub.meas); wherein d.sub.meas is at least 5 percent of the axial distance be-tween the apex and the upper section, and d.sub.meas is at most 50 percent of the axial distance between the apex and the upper section.

A hydrocyclone for separating feed into overflow and underflow comprises a feed inlet, an overflow outlet, an apex for discharging underflow, an upper section connected to the feed inlet and the overflow outlet, a conical section between the upper section and the apex and a plurality of electrodes for measuring electrical conductivity inside the hydrocyclone to detect the formation of a roping state in the hydrocyclone. The plurality of electrodes are is positioned circumferentially in the conical section on an axial distance from the apex (d.sub.meas); wherein d.sub.meas is at least 5 percent of the axial distance be-tween the apex and the upper section, and d.sub.meas is at most 50 percent of the axial distance between the apex and the upper section.

A system and method for determining whether a working fluid being used in a machine is near its failure point. The system includes an impedance/admittance sensor having a flow chamber through which the working fluid flows and a pair of spaced apart electrodes. A function generator generates frequency signals at certain frequencies over a range of frequencies and a sensor circuit receives the frequency signals and provides the frequency signals to the electrodes, where the conductance of the working fluid creates a measurement signal in the sensor circuit. A processor is responsive to the measurement signal and generates a relationship between the frequency signals and the measurement signal that is indicative of a contamination level of the working fluid.

A system and method for determining whether a working fluid being used in a machine is near its failure point. The system includes an impedance/admittance sensor having a flow chamber through which the working fluid flows and a pair of spaced apart electrodes. A function generator generates frequency signals at certain frequencies over a range of frequencies and a sensor circuit receives the frequency signals and provides the frequency signals to the electrodes, where the conductance of the working fluid creates a measurement signal in the sensor circuit. A processor is responsive to the measurement signal and generates a relationship between the frequency signals and the measurement signal that is indicative of a contamination level of the working fluid.

Methods and devices for obtaining approximate property data from the aqueous liquid phase of a multiphase fluid produced from a well. The device includes a separation vessel; a demulsifier source; a fresh water source configured to dilute an aqueous liquid phase sample; a water analysis unit configured to receive and analyze the diluted aqueous liquid phase sample, the water analysis unit comprising an analytical cell and at least one probe, the at least one probe having a membrane-coated sensor tip wherein the membrane-coated sensor tip having a membrane coating that comprises a polar material, the at least one probe being configured to measure a property of the diluted aqueous liquid phase sample to obtain diluted aqueous liquid phase sample data; a processing unit configured to calculate approximate aqueous liquid phase data accounting for the measured amount of fresh water used to dilute the measured sample of the aqueous liquid phase.