A wireless sensor platform design and a single walled carbon nanotube/ionic liquid-based chemidosimeter system can incorporated into a highly sensitive and selective chemical hazard badge that can dosimetrically detect an analyte down to a sub parts-per-million concentration.

The embodiments provide a method making it possible to safely and inexpensively measure concentrations of combustible gases, such as methanol, at room temperature even in high concentration atmospheres, and also provide a sensor making it possible to carry out the above measurement method. The measurement method comprises: arranging a film containing nanoparticles of tungsten oxide and a pair of electrodes which are separated from each other and which individually keep in contact with said film in said atmosphere, exposing said film to light, measuring electric resistance change of said film before and after exposing said film to light, and determining said concentration based on said change.

In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a method of sensing an analyte in a sample by: (1) exposing the sample to an electrode that includes a covalent-organic framework with a plurality of metal-coordinated aromatic units that are linked to one another by aromatic linkers; (2) detecting a change in a property of the electrode; and (3) correlating the change in the property to the presence or absence of the analyte. In an additional embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to said covalent-organic frameworks. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of making the covalent-organic frameworks.

A method for manufacturing a tungsten trioxide/silicon nanocomposite structure includes steps as follows. A silicon substrate is provided, wherein a surface of the silicon substrate is formed with a plurality of microstructures. A tungsten trioxide precursor solution is provided, wherein the tungsten trioxide precursor solution is contacted with the silicon substrate. A hydrothermal synthesis step is conducted, wherein the tungsten trioxide precursor solution is reacted to form a plurality of tungsten trioxide particles on the plurality of microstructures, so as to obtain the tungsten trioxide/silicon nanocomposite structure.

A hydrogen sensor element comprising a pair of electrodes and a hydrogen detection film disposed in contact with the pair of electrodes, wherein the hydrogen detection film contains a conjugated polymer and a dopant, and wherein the absolute value |ΔG| of energy difference between the lowest unoccupied orbital of the dopant and the highest occupied orbital of the conjugated polymer in the ground state is 4.5 eV or more, is provided.

A hydrogen sensor element comprising a pair of electrodes and a hydrogen detection film disposed in contact with the pair of electrodes, wherein the hydrogen detection film contains a conjugated polymer and an organic dopant, and wherein the organic dopant includes a dopant having an acid group, and containing an atom having an absolute value of negative charge of 0.55 or more in the molecular structure other than the acid group, is provided.

A gas-sensitive material, a preparation method therefore and an application thereof, and a gas sensor using the gas-sensitive material are provided. The gas-sensitive material is a carbon material-metal oxide composite nanomaterial formed by compounding a carbon material and metal oxides. The content of the carbon material is 0.5˜20 wt. % and the content of the metal oxides is 80˜99.5 wt. %; the metal oxides contain tungsten oxide and one or more selected from tin oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, molybdenum oxide, and zinc oxide; the metal oxides are formed on the carbon material in the form of nanowires, and the nanowires are tungsten oxide-doped nanowires. The gas-sensitive material has reduced resistance, is capable of responding to various gases at a reduced working temperature.

A nanoparticle characterized by sensitivity to an analyte of interest and comprising a conductive core in contact with a plurality of ligands bound to the conductive core is disclosed. Additionally, a chemiresistor sensor comprising the nanoparticles of the invention and a method of using thereof such as for detection of an analyte of interest in a gaseous sample are disclosed.

A carbon nanotube sensor device for detecting CO.sub.2 and methods of its production and use. A printable polyethylenimine (PEI)-functionalized carbon nanomaterial paste may be used to form the active sensing layer of the device, which is particularly sensitive to CO.sub.2. A separate printed heating layer may be used to maintain the working temperature of the sensor, as well as to remove and/or clear volatile gases from the sensor.

Disclosed are sensors that include a carbon nanotube channel and a non-fouling polymer layer, where the non-fouling polymer layer and the carbon nanotube channel do not directly contact each other and are separated by a dielectric layer. The disclosed sensors may be used, e.g., as biosensors for the accurate and sensitive detection of analytes within a sample. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the sensors.