Cancers of different cellular or tissue origins express different ENOX2 cancer isoforms or combinations of isoforms and shed these proteins into the circulation. Herein are disclosed methods both for cancer detection and diagnosis of particular origin, based on the patterns and molecular weights of the isoforms which allow the identification of the cell type and or tissue of origin of the neoplasm. Relative ENOX2 amounts are proportional to tumor burden and provide a reliable measure of response to therapy and disease progression. Also provided is the amino acid sequence to which the scFv antibodies bind as the molecular basis for the specificity of the test.

An electrophoresis apparatus for separating charged molecules of a fluid comprises a support surface, a gel substrate disposed on the support surface having spaced apart parallel generally planar gel contact surfaces, and at least a first electrodes having generally planar electrode contact surface in contact with a respective generally planar gel contact surface. The electrode generally planar contact surface area is from about 35% to about 100% of the area of the corresponding generally planar contact gel surface.

Provided herein is an electrophoresis separation medium comprising: (a) a non-crosslinked or sparsely cross-linked polymer or copolymer; (b) one or more denaturant compounds, in an amount sufficient to inhibit re-naturation of single stranded polynucleotides; (c) an aqueous solvent; (d) optionally, a wall-coating material suited to inhibition of electroosmotic flow; and (e) optionally, an organic water miscible solvent such as DMSO or acetonitrile, wherein the electrophoresis separation medium exhibits functional stability for at least seven days at 23 C.

Also provided herein are sieving compositions, including polymer-based sieving compositions, for molecular sieving as well as related kits, devices and methods of use. Such compositions can be useful for separation of biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, glycoproteins and glycans.

This disclosure relates to a precast electrophoresis gel package that avoids deformation of the precast electrophoresis gel, including: an enclosure, including a cavity and a skirt encompassing and connected to the cavity; a precast electrophoresis gel assembly, being encased by the cavity of the enclosure, with an edge thereof contacting with the surrounding of the cavity of the enclosure; and a sealing membrane, being attached with the skirt and completely covering the cavity of the enclosure.

This disclosure relates to mesofluidic devices and methods for eluting and concentrating a plurality of nucleic acid molecules. The mesofluidic device includes a device frame having a bottom surface upon which is defined a first reservoir and the second reservoir. The first reservoir includes a first electrode, and the second reservoir includes a second electrode. The first and second electrodes are configured for electrical connection. The mesofluidic device includes an elongated channel extending between the first reservoir and the second reservoir. The mesofluidic device includes a first slot having a first slot width. The first slot is configured to receive an insert. The first slot intersects the elongated channel. The mesofluidic device includes a second slot having a second slot width. The second slot is configured to receive a separation material having a first porosity. The second slot intersects the elongated channel.

A mechanism is provided for reducing entropy of a polyelectrolyte before the polyelectrolyte moves through a nanopore. A free-standing membrane has the nanopore formed through the membrane. An agarose gel is formed onto either and/or both sides of the nanopore in the membrane. The agarose gel is a porous material. The polyelectrolyte is uncoiled by driving the polyelectrolyte through the porous material of the agarose gel via an electric field. Driving the polyelectrolyte, having been uncoiled and linearized by the agarose gel, into the nanopore is for sequencing.

A mechanism is provided for reducing entropy of a polyelectrolyte before the polyelectrolyte moves through a nanopore. A free-standing membrane has the nanopore formed through the membrane. An agarose gel is formed onto either and/or both sides of the nanopore in the membrane. The agarose gel is a porous material. The polyelectrolyte is uncoiled by driving the polyelectrolyte through the porous material of the agarose gel via an electric field. Driving the polyelectrolyte, having been uncoiled and linearized by the agarose gel, into the nanopore is for sequencing.

An automated method and system for identifying one or more chemical tracers present in a sample drawn downstream from the well head from a produced hydrocarbon oil/water stream in a pipeline from a downhole well completion, the one or more chemical tracers having originally been applied to the outer surface of one or more lengths of tubing placed at known locations in the assembly of the downhole well completion, the chemical identification of each of the tracers and the location of each of the tracers having been retrievably recorded for the well completion in the form of a relational database, by in situ testing of a portion of the aqueous layer of the sample following settling by means of an electrophoresis analysis system that includes a micro-fluidic chip and an electronic data information collection unit and signal communication means for transmitting conditioned data from the electronic data information collection unit to the central control station for comparison with, and identification of data associated with the chemical tracers and the location of the chemical tracers in the well completion from the relational database, and a user display device for displaying the results of the data comparison and identification so that appropriate remedial action to reduce the volume of produced water in the hydrocarbon stream can be taken.

A surface-confined aqueous reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (SCARAFT) polymerization method was developed to coat capillaries for use in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). This coating produced an electroosmotic an order of magnitude lower than that of commercial linear polyacrylamide (LPA)-coated capillaries. Coated capillaries were evaluated for bottom-up proteomic analysis using CZE. The very low electroosmotic mobility results in a 200 min separation and improved single-shot analysis. Various types of coatings were prepared by simply changing the functional vinyl monomers in the polymerization mixture.

The presently disclosed subject matter relates to compositions, systems and methods of screening one or more species of polypeptide in a complex mixture of polypeptides, e.g., multi-subunit proteins. For example, the subject matter relates to ligands used in connection with affinity capillary electrophoresis, as well as methods and systems for detecting polypeptides in a mixture of multimers that include multispecific antibodies, e.g., bispecific antibodies.