An apparatus includes a first column heating apparatus, which includes: a first substrate; a second substrate including silicon; and a first heating element disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The apparatus also includes a second column heating apparatus, which includes: a third substrate; a fourth substrate including silicon; and a second heating element disposed between the third substrate and the fourth substrate.

A system and method of reducing chromatographic band broadening within a separation column include passing a mobile phase through a length of a separation column, and generating a spatial thermal gradient external to and along the length of the separation column. The spatial thermal gradient is specifically configured to counteract a particular change in a property of the mobile phase as the mobile phase passes through the separation column. For example, the particular change counteracted may be a change in density or in temperature of the mobile phase. For analytical-scale columns, for example, the spatial thermal gradient may be configured to produce temperatures external to and along the length of the separation column that substantially matches temperatures predicted to form in the mobile phase along the column length as the mobile phase passes through the separation column, thereby substantially preventing formation of a radial thermal gradient in the mobile phase.

A two-dimensional liquid chromatographic analyzer, in which a temperature control part changes a temperature in a single-step manner and switches the temperature at a high speed. Also, the temperature control part has a holder around a separation column so that the temperature of the separation column can be changed to a preset temperature. A first separation column thereof changes elution time(s) of the objective component(s) by temperature modulation and the mobile phase of the first separation column is an aqueous mobile phase having a constant composition.

A passive pre-heater assembly includes a thermally conductive heat-spreading block and a plurality of passive pre-heaters in thermally conductive communication with the heat-spreading block. The plurality of the pre-heaters exchanges heat with the thermally conductive heat-spreading block. Each pre-heater includes a thermally conductive base in thermal communication with the heat-spreading block, and a plurality of thermally conductive fins is in thermal communication with the thermally conductive base. The plurality of fins of each pre-heater exchanges heat convectively with ambient air and conductively with the thermally conductive base of that pre-heater. A given one of the passive pre-heaters further comprises a tube in thermally conductive contact with the thermally conductive base of the given passive pre-heater. The thermally conductive heat-spreading block exchanges heat with a fluid passing through the tube of the given passive pre-heater.

A two-dimensional liquid chromatographic analyzer, in which a temperature control part changes a temperature in a single-step manner and switches the temperature at a high speed. Also, the temperature control part has a holder around a separation column so that the temperature of the separation column can be changed to a preset temperature. A first separation column thereof changes elution time(s) of the objective component(s) by temperature modulation and the mobile phase of the first separation column is an aqueous mobile phase having a constant composition.

A gas chromatograph device includes an inductively heated column configured for gas chromatography. The gas chromatograph includes a column configured for gas chromatography and an inductive heating source. The inductive heating source is configured to directly or indirectly heat the column. The inductive heating source includes an inductive heating element or coil. The inductive heating element or coil is configured to induce a current directly or indirectly in the column. Wherein, the column in the gas chromatograph is inductively heated via the inductive heating source.

A controller includes a temperature prediction unit. The temperature prediction unit predicts, on the assumption that a refrigerant is fed from a refrigerant feeder, an internal temperature of a column oven based on time interval information and decrement information in a memory. Thus, the temperature prediction unit can accurately predict the internal temperature of the column oven when the refrigerant is fed from the refrigerant feeder. If the refrigerant is fed from the refrigerant feeder when the predicted internal temperature of the column oven is suitable for the analysis operation, the internal temperature of the column oven can be brought closer to an appropriate temperature. As a result, the internal temperature of the column oven can be controlled with precision.

Provided is a supercritical fluid device equipped with a back pressure regulator for creating a pressurized state in which a mobile phase in a separation/extraction unit of an analysis flow passage is kept in a supercritical fluid state. One end of a pipe is connected to an outlet side of the back pressure regulator, and the other end of the pipe is open to the atmosphere. A heating unit is provided on the pipe, and the heating unit includes a plurality of electrically independent heaters arranged on mutually different portions of the pile along the pipe. A power supply controller is connected to the heaters, and the power supply controller is configured to supply heating power to one or more heaters selected among the plurality of heaters, but to not supply heating power to the other heaters.

A modular gas detection system includes a primary gas chromatograph, a constant volume extractor positionable to provide a continuous fluid sample to the primary gas chromatograph, and a total hydrocarbon analyzer. The modular gas detection system also includes a processing device and a memory device including instructions executable by the processing device for causing the processing device to perform operations. The operations include adjusting a detection scheme of the primary gas chromatograph to update a detection range for the continuous fluid sample to detect different hydrocarbons within a single column. Further, the operations include controlling routing of the continuous fluid sample from the constant volume extractor to the primary gas chromatograph and the total hydrocarbon analyzer.

A first attachment portion to which a packed column is attachable and a second attachment portion to which a chip column is attachable are housed in a column oven. Designation of a temperature of the column oven is received by a designated temperature receiver. In a case in which the chip column is not attached to the second attachment portion, an upper limit temperature of the column oven is set to a first temperature by a setter. An upper limit temperature of the column oven is set to a second temperature lower than the first temperature in a case in which the chip column is attached to the second attachment portion. A temperature of the column oven is adjusted to a received temperature by a temperature adjuster in a case in which the received temperature is equal to or lower than an upper limit temperature.