A liquid chromatography measurement method includes: switching between a first measurement mode using a liquid chromatography method in which hemoglobin A1c and a hemoglobin variant are measured in a measurement sample by sequentially delivering a first component-separating eluent, a second component-separating eluent and a wash eluent to an analytical column, and a second measurement mode using the liquid chromatography method in which the hemoglobin A1c is measured by sequentially delivering the first component-separating eluent and the wash eluent to the analytical column; delivering the wash eluent in the first measurement mode prior to an influence from the second component-separating eluent disappearing such that a first retention time of the hemoglobin A1c in the first measurement mode and a second retention time of the hemoglobin A1c in the second measurement mode are substantially the same as each other; and delivering the first component-separating eluent after the wash eluent.

A cylindrical column body (101) holds a filler. A pair of end caps (105, 106) covers both ends of the column body (101) and has a flow hole for a carrier liquid (111, 112) arranged in the center thereof. An end surface on the side of a large diameter portion (113a, 114a) of a pair of columnar joint members (113, 114) contacts an end surface of the pair of end caps (105, 106) and also has a communication hole (115, 116) arranged in the center thereof. A sealing member (117, 118) is arranged on a contact surface between the end cap (105, 106) and the joint member (113, 114). A bottomed cylindrical case (121) accommodates the pair of end caps (105, 106) and a large diameter portion of the pair of joint members (113, 114) in an engaged state. A cover member (124) is detachably installed on a side of an opening of the case (121).

The present invention relates to a disease-specific metabolite profile, and particularly to a biomarker composition obtained by screening from blood plasma-specific profiles of coronary heart disease subjects. The present invention also relates to a use of the biomarker compositions in risk assessment, diagnosis, early diagnosis, or pathological staging of coronary heart disease, and to a method for risk assessment, diagnosis, early diagnosis, or pathological staging of coronary heart disease. The biomarker composition as provided by the present invention can be used for early diagnosis of coronary heart disease and has high sensitivity, good specificity and good application prospects.

Provided are methods for identifying or monitoring a subject having, or at risk of developing, impaired glucose homeostasis. Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF) is shown to be a biomarker for impaired glucose homeostasis and/or conditions characterized by β-cell dysfunction. Comparing a test level of CMPF in a subject to a control level identifies subjects having, or at risk of developing, impaired glucose homeostasis. Also provided are methods of causing impaired glucose homeostasis or β-cell dysfunction and methods of screening for compounds that affect the activity of β-cells. Also provided are methods for the treatment of β-cell dysfunction by reducing the physiological levels of CMPF in a subject as well as the use of a OAT modulator for the treatment of β-cell dysfunction.

Provided is a sample injection device for flow-type analysis including a cylindrical needle (27) which penetrates through an upper wall and a lower wall of a sample injection portion (22) of a carrier-liquid channel through ring-like sealing members (25, 26). The needle (27) includes an inner hole (41) which is closed on a side of a lower end of the needle (27) and open on an outer peripheral surface as a horizontal hole (42). The needle moving unit (44) induces the needle (27) to move downward so that the horizontal hole (42) faces an inside of a sample vessel (40) to draw the sample to the inside of the needle (27). Then the moving unit (44) induces the needle (27) to move upward so that the horizontal hole (42) faces an inside of the sample injection portion (22) to inject the sample in the inside of the needle (27). At an intermediate position, washing liquid is discharged from the horizontal hole (42) of the needle (27), and the washing liquid is recovered via a discharge path (15).

The present disclosure relates to a method for providing diagnostic information for biliary tract cancer and an apparatus for diagnosing biliary tract cancer. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for providing diagnostic information for biliary tract cancer including obtaining biological samples; measuring concentration of a marker for predicting biliary tract cancer in the biological samples; and providing diagnostic information for biliary tract cancer using the measured concentration of the marker, where the marker includes Nudifloramide.

Blood containing cells is brought into contact with a porous surface of a porous material before classification of the cells in the blood by flowing the blood through a microchannel. In an example, the porous material is added to the blood containing the cells and mixed together, thereby bringing the blood containing the cells into contact with the porous surface. In an example, the porous material has particles with the porous surface including polysaccharides. The porous material is added to the blood containing the cells while being suspended in a liquid. In an example, the particles have a predetermined particle size distribution. A median particle size d50V in the volume-based cumulative distribution is 25 to 280 μm.

A reagent for use in the measurement of hemoglobins by liquid chromatography, the reagent comprising a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of:

(i) polyoxyethylene (10) decyl ether; (ii) polyoxyethylene (6) 2-ethylhexyl ether; (iii) polyoxyethylene (9) isodecyl ether; (iv) polyoxyethylene (10) nonyl ether; (v) polyoxyethylene (16) isostearyl ether; (vi) polyoxyethylene (20) behenyl ether; and (vii) polyoxyethylene (20) polyoxypropylene (6) decyltetradecyl ether.

A method of newborn screening (“NBS”) is disclosed comprising directing ultrasonic energy or ultrasonic waves into a metabolite or analyte sample derived from a newborn, neonate or infant so as to cause a mist of charged sample droplets or sample ions to be ejected. The charged sample droplets or sample ions are then mass analysed and a determination is made as to whether or not one or more first metabolites or analytes indicative of a disorder or inborn error are present in the sample.

The disclosure provides methods, kits and systems for detecting a metabolite that is metabolized from a nucleotide in reverse transcriptase inhibitor in a biological sample obtained from a subject, and uses thereof in monitoring adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis and counseling subjects who are engaged in or prescribed pre-exposure prophylaxis. The present disclosure also provides methods of preventing HIV infection in patients at risk of contracting infection by monitoring adherence to a regimen and adjusting or modifying the dosing schedule of the regimen accordingly. The metabolite may be detected using proteomic methods, including but not limited to antibody based methods, such as a lateral flow immunoassay or lab based assays such as semi-quantitative LC-MS/MS.