Methods for classification of hydrocarbon mixtures that include performing two-dimensional gas chromatography on a hydrocarbon mixture to obtain a chromatogram using a two-dimensional gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector, a reversed phase column configuration with a primary mid-polar or polar column and a secondary non-polar column, and a standard mixture. Classification is performed in which groups of hydrocarbons are identified and labeled based on peaks associated with the standard mixture, after which a quantification process is performed.

A system and a method are provided for calculating the cetane number, pour point, cloud point, aniline point, and/or octane number of a crude oil and its fractions from the density and gel permeation chromatography data of a sample of the crude oil.

The present disclosure provides compositions, methods, and systems for identifying marked hydrocarbon fluids. These compositions, methods, and systems utilize a gas chromatography marker including a pyrrolidinone. The methods and systems can identify the presence or absence of the gas chromatography marker and/or the pyrrolidinone. The compositions, methods, and systems can optionally utilize a spectroscopic marker.

The present disclosure provides compositions, methods, and systems for identifying marked hydrocarbon fluids. These compositions, methods, and systems utilize a gas chromatography marker including a pyrrolidinone. The methods and systems can identify the presence or absence of the gas chromatography marker and/or the pyrrolidinone. The compositions, methods, and systems can optionally utilize a spectroscopic marker.

A system and a method are provided for calculating one or more indicative properties, e.g., one or more of the cetane number, octane number, pour point, cloud point and aniline point of oil fractions, from the density and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) data of a sample of the crude oil.

The present invention includes a first flow path through which a sample gas flows, a first analyzer that is provided in the first flow path to measure total hydrocarbon concentration in the sample gas, a second flow path through which the sample gas flows, a non-methane non-ethane cutter that is provided in the second flow path to remove the hydrocarbon components other than the methane and the ethane in the sample gas, a second analyzer that is provided downstream of the non-methane non-ethane cutter in the second flow path to measure the total methane ethane concentration of the methane and the ethane in the sample gas, and a calculation part that calculates the concentration of the hydrocarbon components other than the methane and the ethane in the sample gas with use of the total hydrocarbon concentration by the first analyzer and the total methane ethane concentration by the second analyzer.

A system for conducting subterranean drilling operations comprising a chromatography device adapted to detect a composition of gas; a sensor adapted to measure a mass flowrate of the gas; and a logic device adapted to calculate volumetric mass flow rates of components of the gas utilizing the mass flowrate from the sensor and the composition from the chromatography device.

A 3D gas chromatography (GC) column development is possible by assembly of two parts each being substrates formed by gas tight materials. One part may be a silicon substrate with a snake shaped flow channel structure and the other part may be a glass plate. Both are coated with a column packing comprising polubutadiene, which is also able to glue or bond both parts together, thereby sealing the flow channel, thus forming a GC column. The column packaging can be composed in all kinds of polarity from very hydrophobic till very hydrophilic. In this way the column packing can be tuned on resolution for particular molecules which are interesting to detect, e.g. Octane. The invention is advantageous for micro GC columns.

A method for identification of chemicals in a sample using a gas chromatograph and a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor coupled with the gas chromatograph to define a gas chromatography (GC)/SAW system. The method includes receiving a temperature profile defining a varying target temperature as a function of time, separating one or more eluted components from a sample with the gas chromatograph, adjusting a temperature of the SAW sensor in accordance with the temperature profile as the one or more eluted components are separated from the sample by the gas chromatograph, generating SAW frequency response data with the SAW sensor, the SAW frequency response data including one or more peaks corresponding respectively to the one or more eluted components separated from the sample, and identifying a set of one or more candidate chemicals for an eluted component of interest based on a corresponding peak of the SAW frequency response data.

The present invention provides aqueous polymer compositions containing one or more, or, preferably, two or more markers selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl phenyl ether having a formula Ph(R.sup.2).sub.m(OR.sup.1).sub.n, wherein Ph is an aromatic ring containing group having from six to nine carbon atoms, R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl group, R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl group, m is an integer of from 0 to 5, n is an integer of from 1 to 3, and (m+n) is an integer of from 1 to 6. The markers are readily detectable, such as by mass spectroscopy, upon solvent extraction and separation from the aqueous polymer compositions, or from dried or cured coatings, film or layers thereof.