The present disclosure provides organic-inorganic hybrid polymer particles, which have desirable surface chemistry and optical properties that make them particularly suitable for biological and optical applications. The present disclosure also provides methods of making organic-inorganic hybrid polymer particles. The present disclosure also provides methods of using the organic-inorganic hybrid polymer particles for biological and optical applications.

Nanoparticles include a core, a hydrophilic layer around the core, and one or more mitochondrial targeting moieties, and may optionally include one or more contrast agents or one or more therapeutic agents. For effective mitochondrial targeting the nanoparticles have a diameter of about 200 nm or less or have a zeta potential of about 0 mV or more.

The present invention relates to a method for detecting an antibody-drug-conjugate and relates to a method for determining the efficacy of an antibody-drug-conjugate with high accuracy by a quantitative technique for identifying an expression level of a target molecule in a target cell of the antibody-drug-conjugate and interactions therebetween. According to the method, visualizing a drug and an antibody, or components of an antibody-drug-conjugate, by immunostaining with a phosphor integrated dot enables detection of the antibody-drug-conjugate and the components.

This invention relates to a rare earth nanomaterial labeled biomolecule, its labeling method and a dissolution-enhanced time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay based on the rare earth nanomaterial. The rare earth nanomaterial serves as a label having stable properties, large specific surface area, strong modifiability, low-cost and thousands of lanthanide ions contained in each nanocrystal, the labeling ratio of rare earth ions can be greatly improved. Furthermore, the rare earth nanomaterial can be less affected by exogenous rare earth ions, unaffected by anticoagulants, and has broader applicability; after the immune complex was formed by labeling the biomolecules with the nanomaterial containing rare earth, an enhancer solution was added to allow the rare earth nanomaterial to dissolve into the rare earth ions, which can in turn form new signaling molecules with the chelates in the enhancer solution to induce intramolecular and intermolecular energy transfer, thereby significantly increasing fluorescence intensity by about a million times to greatly enhance the detection sensitivity by using time-resolved fluorescence assay.

An analysis method irradiates, with laser light, an analysis substrate made of a resin material and having a reaction region on which detection target substances and nanoparticles of a metal compound for labeling the detection target substances are captured. The analysis method extracts, as a substrate signal level, a signal level generated when receiving reflected light from the analysis substrate. The analysis method receives reflected light from the reaction region to generate a light reception level signal. The analysis method extracts a nanoparticle detection signal from the light reception level signal of the reflected light from the reaction region, the nanoparticle detection signal having a higher level than the signal level of the reflected light from the analysis substrate. The analysis method detects the nanoparticles in accordance with the extracted nanoparticle detection signal.

The present invention relates to food and water safety monitoring, in particular to a gold nanostar with a plurality of silver nanoparticle satellites attached to the gold nanostar (also known as gold nanostar@silver satellites or AuNSt@AgSAT), a method of their preparation, optionally their use as a SERS substrate and their use in detecting contaminants such as pesticides in rice or mercury in drinking water.

The present invention provides a method for increasing the sensitivity of LFIAs by using palladium nanoparticles, selecting appropriate dye chemistries, and improving the timing of the development chemistry. In the presence of a palladium nanoparticle, three reagents interact with a catalytic label to form a colored dye. The three reagents include a hydrogen peroxide source, a color developer (a substituted para-phenylenediamine), and a color coupler (e.g. a napthol or a phenol). The timing of the development chemistry is improved by any combination of using a reducing agent, delaying hydrogen peroxide application by diffusion, using dissolving materials as a time delay, using serpentine flow, and separating the color coupler and the color developer on the strip.

Lyophilized chromophoric polymer dot compositions are provided. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the lyophilized compositions, methods of dispersing the lyophilized compositions in aqueous solutions and kits supplying the compositions.

The present invention relates to the field of industrial processes for measuring sugars and starch in cells and concerns the process of functionalising synthesized gold nanoparticles functionalized with polymer ligands, for the selective measurement of sucrose or starch in intracellular fluid. Also disclosed is a nanocompound for measuring the concentration of sucrose or starch in intracellular fluid, which contains synthesized gold nanoparticles functionalized with polymer ligands.

The invention is based on the use of photoluminescent probes for intracellular sensing of oxygen, especially assaying intracellular oxygen concentration. The photoluminescent probe comprises a suspension of polymeric particles having an average diameter in the 20 nm to 100 nm range, formed from an amphiphilic cationic co-polymer which is oriented in the formed particle to provide a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell. The probe includes a hydrophobic oxygen-sensitive photoluminescent dye such as Pt-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphine, PtPFPP embedded in the hydrophobic core of the particle, and the co-polymer includes quaternary ammonium groups which provide hydrophilic and cationic character to the particle shell. The photoluminescent probe, which in use is provided in the form of an aqueous suspension of probe, is incubated with live mammalian cells in a suitable growth medium for a period of time to allow the probe particles passively load into the cells. Oxygen can then be sensed by detecting a photoluminescent signal of the photoluminescent probe, which can be correlated with oxygen status, for example oxygen concentration or changes in oxygen concentration/levels, using existing techniques.