Fluorescent nanosensors for extracellular ion concentration measurements are disclosed herein. More specifically, a fluorescent nanosensor for extracellular ion measurements comprising a photoluminescent nanostructure disposed on a substrate surface is disclosed. The photoluminescent nanostructure comprises a fluorescent metallic core-silica shell containing nanoparticle, wherein the fluorescent silica shell comprises a fluorophore dispersed therein. The nanosensor emits a fluorescence emission in function of the extracellular ion concentration.

A multicomponent nanomaterial AuNP(DTDTPA)(Ga), where DTDTPA is an amino-carboxylate ligand (diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid, DTPA) linked to the surface of the Au nanoparticle (NP) via dithiol (DT) linkage. Another embodiment is a multicomponent nanomaterial AuNP(DTDTPA)(Ga) with a biomolecule attached. In preferred embodiments, the Ga is Ga-67 or Ga-68. Preferred synthesis methods are conducted at room temperature.

A quantitative analysis method based on air pressure measuring, which can be used for the high-sensitivity quantitative detection of various targets i.e. inorganic ions, small molecules and biological macromolecules such as proteins, DNA, and even viruses, bacteria, cells, etc. The present invention catalyzes hydrogen peroxide to generate a large amount of gas using enzymes or nanoparticles, etc.; converts the target molecule detection signal into a gas pressure intensity signal; achieves signal amplification; and finally converts the pressure change into an electrical signal to conduct a reading through an air pressure meter, thereby achieving high-sensitivity quantitative detection. The feasibility, wide applicability and reliability of the present invention are certified through three different detection systems, i.e. an ELISA system, a DNA hydrogel system and a functional DNA sensor system, respectively, using an air pressure meter.

Fluidic devices and methods involving incubation and/or mixing of assay components are provided. In some embodiments, a biological and/or chemical assay may be performed in a fluidic device. The fluidic device may be designed to allow for controlled incubation and/or mixing of two or more assay components. In some such embodiments, the fluidic device may comprise an incubation channel having a relatively large cross-sectional dimension in fluid communication with a detection channel. The incubation channel may allow for adequate mixing and/or incubation of two or more assay components prior to analysis of the assay. In some embodiments, fluidic devices for performing a vitamin D assay are provided.

The present invention provides a method for detecting and grading benign and malignant tumors using at least one sensor of conductive nanoparticles capped with an organic coating in conjunction with a learning and pattern recognition algorithm. The method utilizes a plurality of response induced parameters to obtain improved sensitivity and selectivity for diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring and staging various types of cancers, or for identifying or grading benign or malignant tumors.

The present invention relates to methods of measuring interaction between a first and a second molecule, for example a protein and an antibody, by conjugation of one of these molecules with nanoparticles, and measuring the interaction between the first and second molecule via changes in the optical properties of the nanoparticles. The present invention further relates to methods of coating nanoparticles.

The present application provides certain advantageous ways of conducting multiplexed imaging.

The present invention provides a method for preparing catalytic particles and using them for increased sensitivity in lateral flow immunoassays. Palladium salt is reduced in the presence of a protein using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent to form brown or gray particles. These particles catalytically develop a dye to detect the presence of an analyte.

Disclosed herein is a method of detecting an antimicrobial susceptibility of a bacterium to one or more antibiotics, the method requiring the steps of: (a) providing a bacterial mixture that includes a bacterial population including a bacterial species suspected to be resistant to one or more antibiotics, an antibiotic, a metabolic precursor suitable for incorporation into a bacterium, which metabolic precursor is labelled or is capable of being labelled with a detectable moiety, and a nutrient suspension; and (b) aging the bacterial mixture for a period of time, then collecting the bacterial population and resuspending it to provide an antibiotic-challenged bacterial mixture, where a bacterium that is resistant to one or more antibiotics incorporates the metabolic precursor suitable for incorporation into the bacterium.

The present disclosure provides a system comprising a communication interface and computer for assigning a label to the biomolecule fingerprint, wherein the label corresponds to a biological state. The present disclosure also provides a sensor arrays for detecting biomolecules and methods of use. In some embodiments, the sensor arrays are capable of determining a disease state in a subject.