The present invention describes methods of determining the glycosylation signature and determining the level of a protein in a sample obtained from a patient. The present invention also describes use of a patient protein glycosylation profile to identify the presence or absence of a disease in subjects.

A lateral flow assay and compositions for performing such an assay are described herein that detect whole virus (e.g., HIV, HCV, HSV-2) or viral proteins that use the broad-spectrum anti-viral lectin, griffisthin (GRFT), conjugated to polymeric or gold nanoparticles (NPs) and an appropriate monoclonal antibody (mAb) to confer virus selectivity.

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for specifically and quantitatively detecting galectin-3 in a sample. Embodiments of the invention include a detection assay in which a capture binding moiety and a labeled binding moiety specifically recognize non-overlapping epitopes on the N-terminus of galectin-3. Further embodiments are directed to a method for establishing ranges of galectin-3 concentrations indicative of the presence and severity of heart failure in a subject and a method for predicting the clinical outcome of a subject based upon galectin-3 concentration.

The present application relates to a method for determining a risk of preterm birth and/or low birth weight of a pregnant female comprising measuring a galectin-3 (Gal-3) level in a blood, plasma, or serum sample obtained from the pregnant female, or a kit or marker which may be used in the method. The present application also relates to a medicament effective to reduce a risk of preterm birth and/or low birth weight, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the medicament, or a method for reducing a risk of preterm birth and/or low birth weight of a pregnant female comprising administering the medicament or the pharmaceutical composition to the pregnant female.

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for monitoring, diagnosis, prognosis, and determination of treatment regimens in subjects suffering from or suspected of having a renal injury. In particular, the invention relates to using assays that detect Chitinase-3-like protein 1 as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker assays in renal injuries.

The invention provides methods of detecting a natriuretic protein, a troponin, and galectin-3 in samples from subjects in order to determine risk of developing new onset heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

[Problem] To provide a signal enhancer that enhances a signal based on reaction between an α1-6 fucose sugar chain and an α1-6 fucose specific lectin bound thereto, a method for using the same, and use of the same.

[Solution] A signal enhancer enhances a signal based on reaction between an α1-6 fucose sugar chain and an α1-6 fucose specific lectin bounded thereto, and is characterized by having, as an active ingredient, at least one selected from the group consisting of urea and thiourea. The final concentration of the urea is preferably 1-9 M and the final concentration of the thiourea is 0.1-1.5 M. Since the signal enhancer allows accurate measurement of an α1-6 fucose sugar chain, the signal enhancer is greatly useful in detection and determination of a disease related to an α1-6 fucose sugar chain and in academic study of an α1-6 fucose sugar chain.

The field of this invention relates to immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) for the targeted detection and mapping of biomolecules (e.g., proteins and miRNAs) in tissues or cells for example, for research use and for clinical use such by pathologists (e.g., biomarker analyses of a resected tumor or tumor biopsy). In particular, the use of mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) as a mode to detect and map the biomolecules in tissues or cells for example. More specifically, the field of this invention relates to photocleavable mass-tag reagents which are attached to probes such as antibodies and nucleic acids and used to achieve multiplex immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, with MSI as the mode of detection/readout. Probe types other than antibodies and nucleic acids are also covered in the field of invention, including but not limited to carbohydrate-binding proteins (e.g., lectins), receptors and ligands. Finally, the field of the invention also encompasses multi-omic MSI procedures, where MSI of photocleavable mass-tag probes is combined with other modes of MSI, such as direct label-free MSI of endogenous biomolecules from the biospecimen (e.g., tissue), whereby said biomolecules can be intact or digested (e.g., chemically digested or by enzyme).

The invention relates to the use of a lectin that recognizes the fucose α 1-2 galactose unit, as a first means for labeling and optionally a second means for labelling colorectal cancer stem cells, in particular a lectin that recognizes the T antigen, in order to carry out a method for the detection and optionally isolation of colorectal cancer stem cells, a method for the detection and optionally isolation of colorectal cancer stem cells for research purposes, and a method for the in vitro diagnosis of colorectal cancer recurrence risk and/or aggressiveness so as to define a prognostic value in order to make colorectal cancer therapy adjustments, as well as a kit comprising a lectin that recognizes the fucose α 1-2 galactose unit and a lectin that recognizes the T antigen.

Provided are methods for evaluating the risk of an adverse clinical outcome in a subject, deciding whether to discharge or continue treating a subject (e.g., treatment on an inpatient basis), or to initiate or terminate treatment, selecting a subject for participation in a clinical study, and selecting a therapeutic treatment for a subject that include determining a level of ST2 in a biological sample from the subject and determining a level of galectin-3 in a biological sample from the subject. Kits are also provided that contain an antibody that specifically binds to ST2, an antibody that specifically binds to galectin-3, and instructions for using the kit to evaluate the risk of an adverse clinical outcome in a subject, to decide whether to discharge or continue treating a subject (e.g., treatment on an inpatient basis) or to initiate or terminate treatment, to select a subject for participation in a clinical study, and/or to select treatment for a subject.