A system and method for determining an Angle of Arrival (AOA) for frequency modulated communications. The system may include first and second antennas spaced apart from each other by a distance, and configured to receive wireless communications in the form of a modulated signal. The system may determine a phase difference between the received signals based on one or more samples of a dedicated portion of the received signals, where one or more aspects of the dedicated portion is variable.

A system and method for determining an Angle of Arrival (AOA) for frequency modulated communications. The system may include first and second antennas spaced apart from each other by a distance, and configured to receive wireless communications in the form of a frequency modulated signal. The system may determine a phase difference between the received signals irrespective of the modulations in the signal, thereby facilitating determining an AOA.

A system and method for determining an Angle of Arrival (AOA) for frequency modulated communications. The system may include first and second antennas spaced apart from each other by a distance, and configured to receive wireless communications in the form of a frequency modulated signal. The system may determine a phase difference between the received signals irrespective of the modulations in the signal, thereby facilitating determining an AOA.

Beamforming is a critical element of 5G and especially 6G, but currently requires a series of time-consuming and resource-consuming messages. Disclosed are procedures by which base stations can transmit a phased beam pulse, having a phase that varies with angle, so that each user device can measure the received phase of the pulse and thereby determine its angle relative to the base station. Each user can then sequentially inform the base station of its orientation relative to the base station, or can append that information to another message such as an initial access message or an acknowledgement, for example. The user device and the base station can then exchange messages in narrow beams aimed at each other according to the alignment angle. Also disclosed are procedures to economically generate the wide-angle phased beam by combining overlapping beams of various phases.

Beam alignment is a critical requirement in 5G-Advanced and 6G due to the high density of user devices anticipated in the coming years. However, prior-art beam alignment procedures are slow and costly in terms of resource usage. Therefore, disclosed herein are methods enabling a user device to determine the direction toward the base station rapidly at very low cost. The base station emits a tailored pulse with an angle-dependent phase, varying from a first phase at a first angle, to a second phase at a second angle, followed by a uniform-phase calibrator pulse. The user device can measure the as-received phase of the tailored pulse relative to the calibrator pulse, and thereby determine the user's direction relative to the base station. The user device can then inform the base station of the received phase, which is proportional to the angle. Both user and base station thereby obtain instant beam alignment.

Beam alignment is a critical requirement in 5G-Advanced and 6G due to the high density of user devices anticipated in the coming years. However, prior-art beam alignment procedures are slow and costly in terms of resource usage. Therefore, disclosed herein are methods enabling a user device to determine the direction toward the base station rapidly at very low cost. The base station emits a tailored pulse with an angle-dependent phase, varying from a first phase at a first angle, to a second phase at a second angle, followed by a uniform-phase calibrator pulse. The user device can measure the as-received phase of the tailored pulse relative to the calibrator pulse, and thereby determine the user's direction relative to the base station. The user device can then inform the base station of the received phase, which is proportional to the angle. Both user and base station thereby obtain instant beam alignment.