A method and a radio access device for performing the method for positioning of a target station (STA) by a radio access device. The method receives sounding feedback, from a target station (STA), for each of a plurality of subbands in response to sending a sounding signal, the sounding feedback comprising channel quality information for each subband of the plurality of subbands. The method calculates an angle-of-arrival (AoA) characteristic from the sounding feedback for at least a subset of the plurality of subbands and maps the AoA characteristics of the at least the subset of the plurality of subbands to a fingerprint in a fingerprint reference map. The method then determines the location of the target STA based on at least the fingerprint.

A method is provided for configuring a tracking system which estimates a location within a space by comparison of measurements of RF signals, made at the location, with a radio fingerprint map of the space. Estimated locations are correlated with synchronised detections of presence of a user (30) by sensors of a lighting system. RF signal measurements made by a user at a given time may thereby be associated with a user (30) detected at the same time in one or more respective sensing areas of lighting system sensors. The user (30) making RF signal measurements at a determined location may thereby be associated with a user (30) detected by the lighting system sensors at the same time. The association may be used to configure the radio fingerprint map. The location of the detected user (30) as determined by the tracking system may be provided to the lighting system.

A communication system using beamforming transmission in a millimeter wave spectrum in an environment. A memory with data including values indicative of link attributes associated with beam signal measurements with states of devices and states of environments. The states of the devices for each device including types of user behavior, locations and poses in each environment. The states of the environments for each environment including, locations of physical objects and types of behavior of ambient users. Control circuitry performs beam training with a target device in environment to measure beam signal values and environmental responses for different beams transmitted over the different beam angles. Selects, in response to the beam training, at least one dominant angle for a beamforming communication with the target device. Estimates, one of a state of the target device or a state of the environment, corresponding to environmental responses for different beams estimated during the beam training.

A system for keyless entry applications using beamforming transmission in a millimeter wave spectrum in an environment. A memory with data including values indicative of link attributes associated with beam signal measurements with states of devices and states of environments. The states of the devices for each device including types of user behavior, locations and poses in each environment. Control circuitry performs beam training with a target device associated with at least one keyless entry application in the environment to measure beam signal values and environmental responses for different beams transmitted over the different beam angles. Selects, in response to the beam training, at least one dominant angle for a beamforming communication with the target device. Estimates, a state of the target device associated with the at least one keyless entry application or a state of the environment, corresponding to environmental responses for different beams estimated during the beam training.

A method and apparatus are disclosed with the method including obtaining positioning data collection condition information representing positioning data collection condition(s) for collecting positioning data for updating and/or generating a positioning map. The method includes obtaining or holding available historical sensor information representing behavioral and/or environmental pattern(s) that were detected by sensor(s) of a mobile device and determining mapping information representing, for each behavioral and/or environmental pattern, whether or not at least one positioning data collection condition was met. The method also includes obtaining current sensor information representing a behavioral and/or environmental pattern that is currently detected by the sensor(s) and determining, at least partially based on the current sensor information and the mapping information, whether positioning data should be collected. If it is determined that positioning data should be collected, the method includes collecting positioning data by the mobile device for updating and/or generating the positioning map.

A system for determining a position of a user in a building includes a control device, a plurality of stationary radio signal transmission devices, a radio signal receiving device, and a signal processing device. The signal processing device determines primary channel impulse responses based on the radio signals received by the receiving device. The signal processing device also determines a secondary channel impulse response based on a secondary radio signal received by the receiving device from a mobile device of a user. The channel impulse responses are evaluated to determine degrees of similarity that indicate how similar a first primary channel impulse response and the secondary channel impulse response are to one another. For each degree of similarity, a distance of the mobile device from the transmission device corresponding to the degree of similarity is determined. A position of the mobile device is determined based on the distances.

A method of determining locations of access points in a venue, one or more electronic devices configured to receive radio signals from the access points, the method comprises: generating and storing, at a server in communication with the one or more electronic devices, a database comprising information received from the one or more electronic devices, the information comprising: values associated with a radio signal characteristic of the radio signals at locations of RF scan capture by the one or more electronic devices and access point identifiers representing access points corresponding to the values, the locations of RF scan capture being unknown at a time of RF scan capture; assigning correlation values to quantify similarity between the values for pairs of the access point identifiers; mapping the correlation values to correlation ranges based on known locations of at least two of the access points; determining the locations of the access points based on the correlation ranges and the known locations.

The present invention relates to a similarity metric customized to radio measurement in heterogeneous wireless networks and to the use of the similarity metric. Radio measurement values reflecting radio access conditions during different measurement time intervals for at least one mobile terminal having radio access to the heterogeneous multi-carrier network are aggregated into radio measurement scans. Further, for every radio measurement scan related radio measurement configurations prevailing at the time of measurement of the corresponding radio measurement values are aggregated into a radio measurement configuration scan. Then the similarity metric is calculated for a pair of radio measurement scans to generate knowledge on radio coverage in the heterogeneous wireless network in a customized manner through reference to radio measurement configuration scans associated with the pair of radio measurement scans for which similarity metrics is to be calculated.

A method for generating an indoor environment model of a building. The method comprises forming a transmitter location model for defining positions of transmitters in said building using gathered information for establishing transmitter locations. The method further comprises receiving signal strength indicative measurements determined for a number of transmitters using at least one electronic communications device wherein the signal strength indicative measurements are based on a signal which has varying signal propagation characteristics in the indoor environment The signal strength indicative measurements are acquired from a number of known locations in the building, identifying discrepancies of signal transmittance in said indoor environment based on said signal strength indicative measurements in relation to said transmitter location model. The method further comprises determining locations of signal hindering elements causing said discrepancies and generating said indoor environment model including transmitter locations and said signal hindering elements.

A method is provided that includes obtaining or causing obtaining radiomap data representing at least a part of a structure. The radiomap data includes radiomap data acquired at least along a part of a first track comprising a first position at a reference altitude and a second position inside of the structure. The method also includes associating or causing associating the radiomap data of the second position with relative altitude information of the structure based on the reference altitude of the first position. A corresponding apparatus and computer program product are also provided.