A dielectric boundary surface estimation device includes: a pre-processing unit pre-processing wave data obtained by observing a dielectric by a radar device; a three-dimensional synthetic aperture processing unit performing three-dimensional synthetic aperture processing on the wave data pre-processed by the pre-processing unit; and a dielectric boundary surface estimating unit estimating a boundary surface between areas having different dielectric constants to each other using the wave data on which the three-dimensional synthetic aperture processing is performed by the three-dimensional synthetic aperture processing unit. The dielectric boundary surface estimating unit calculates a width and a thickness of the boundary surface.

A high-resolution fully polarimetric frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) image radar system using an RF switch and an image processing method are provided. The image radar system includes a signal generator that generates a frequency modulation signal, a transmitter that radiates the frequency modulation signal as vertical polarization and horizontal polarization using a vertically polarized transmit antenna and a horizontally polarized transmit antenna, a receiver that receives a signal in which a vertically polarized signal and a horizontally polarized signal are reflected from an object, using a vertically polarized receive antenna and a horizontally polarized receive antenna, and generates a VV/HV polarization data set and a VH/HH polarization data set based on the signal received via the vertically polarized receive antenna and the horizontally polarized receive antenna, and a signal processor that obtains a fully polarimetric radar image based on bilateral symmetry correction and azimuth compression.

A side-looking High Resolution Wide Swath Synthetic Aperture Radar, HRWS-SAR, system comprising an antenna array and a beamforming network. The antenna array comprises a plurality of antenna elements to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves. The beamforming network includes a plurality of true time delay lines, TTDLs connected to a plurality of phase shifters. Each phase shifter is connected to a respective one of the plurality of antenna elements. The beamforming network engages with the transmit antenna array to transmit the electromagnetic waves by performing beamsteering across a swath using a pulse. The pulse has a chirped waveform and a transmit pulse duration. Beamsteering is performed based on an increasing or decreasing frequency of the chirped waveform over the transmit pulse duration. The beamforming network engages with the antenna array to receive, during a receive time window, echoes corresponding to the electromagnetic waves reflected by or from the swath.

Synthetic aperture radar transmit and receive antenna systems and methods of transmitting and receiving radar signals are disclosed. In one embodiment, a transmit and receive antenna system includes a transmit antenna array configured to transmit a plurality of radio frequency transmit signals, the transmit antenna array including a plurality of patch antenna elements mounted to a printed circuit board, each patch antenna element belonging to a subarray, and one or more power amplifiers, each power amplifier feeding a subarray of the patch antenna elements, and a reflectarray receive antenna configured to receive radio frequency signals including a plurality of reflectarray antenna elements mounted to a printed circuit board, at least one antenna feed configured to receive radio frequency signals reflected from the plurality of reflectarray antenna elements, and at least one low noise amplifier electrically connected to the at least one antenna feed.

Optical modality configured to simulate measurements of the radar cross-section of targets, dimensioned to be conventionally-measured in the RF-portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, with sub-micron accuracy. A corresponding compact optical system, with a foot-print comparable with a tabletop, employing optical interferometric time-of-flight approach to reproduce, on a substantially shorter time-scale, radar-ranging measurements ordinarily pertaining to the range of frequencies that are at least 10.sup.3 times lower than those employed in the conventional RF-based measurement.

A radar assembly for receiving signals at spaced frequencies from an unknown transmitting source comprising a receiver operative to receive signals; the receiver comprising a series of channels, each channel comprising a low pass filter configured to allow passage of a signal from an unknown transmitting source, an analog to digital converter configured to transform the signal from the unknown transmitting source to a digital signal, a Hilbert transform configured to transform the digital signal from the unknown transmitting source into a single sideband signal, a Fourier transform configured to transform the single sideband signal into a plurality of regularly spaced frequency samples, and an inverse Fourier transform for extracting regularly spaced frequency samples; whereby extracted pulses form a train of pulses that are inputted into an imager which utilizes synthetic aperture radar to form an image of the area of interest containing the unknown transmitting device and method thereof.

A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system and method of operation advantageously implements dynamic self-cueing or autonomous cueing of successive high-resolution SAR data collection based on previously collected wide-swath SAR data, for instance without the intervention of ground-based resources. For example, target detection may be performed on-board a spaceborne or airborne SAR platform using wide-swath SAR data acquired via a first beam at a first frequency band, the first beam pointed at a first angle relative to an along-track direction. Subsequent activities are cued by the platform based on the previously collected wide-swath SAR data. For instance, the SAR platform may cue subsequent acquisition of SAR data via a second beam at a second frequency band, the second beam pointed at a second angle relative to an along-track direction. The SAR platform may advantageously employ a multi-band SAR antenna.

A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is operable in an interrogation mode and in an imaging mode, the imaging mode entered in response to determining a response to interrogation pulses have been received from a ground terminal and position information specifying a ground location has been received from the ground terminal. A ground terminal is operable to receive interrogation pulses transmitted by a SAR, transmit responses, and transmit position information to cause the SAR to enter a imaging mode. The ground terminal receives first and subsequent pulses from the SAR where subsequent pulses include backscatter and are encoded. The ground terminal generates a range line by range compression. If the SAR is a multi-band SAR the transmitted pulses can be in two or more frequency bands, and subsequent pulses in one frequency band can include encoded returns from pulses transmitted in a different frequency band.

A radiofrequency identification (RFID) reader device includes a radiofrequency device configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic radiation through an antenna array. An RFID control computing device is coupled to the radiofrequency device and includes a memory coupled to a processor which is configured to be capable of executing programmed instructions comprising and stored in the memory to operate the radiofrequency device in a first mode to transmit a first radiofrequency beam to a scan area through the antenna array. A spatial location for RFID tags located within the scanned area is determined from a radar image. The radiofrequency device is operated in a second mode to transmit a second radiofrequency beam to at least one of the RFID tags, based on the determined spatial location of the RFID tags, to power an integrated circuit or sensor located on and to communicate with the at least one of the RFID tags.

A ground control point device includes an SAR wave reflector configured to receive an SAR wave incident from an SAR in an incident direction and to reflect the SAR wave in the incident direction; a GNSS receiver configured to receive a GNSS wave to generate, based on the GNSS wave, time information and positional information indicative of a position of a control point; an SAR wave receiver configured to receive the SAR wave; and a control point data generator/transmitter configured to generate control point data obtained by associating the positional information when the SAR receiver receives the SAR wave with a time instant of reception of the SAR wave that is determined based on the time information, and to transmit the control point data to outside.