A method for measuring a distance to a target based upon time modulated polarization state illumination is provided. The method includes: transmitting a time varying polarized light beam toward the target; capturing, at a plurality of subpixel regions of a receiver, a reflected time varying polarized light beam that has been reflected off of the target; generating a plurality of polarization signals for each subpixel region that are indicative of the polarization state of the captured reflected light beam in the subpixel region; calculating a time difference between the transmitted time varying polarized light beam and the captured reflected light beam by comparing the polarization state of the captured reflected light beam with a polarization state of the transmitted time varying polarized light beam; and calculating the distance by multiplying the calculated time difference with the speed of light.

The present invention includes a light source unit; a light receiving pixel unit which includes a photo electric conversion device and an electric charge accumulating unit, and a distance image processing unit, when the distance is measured by an input voltage in accordance with an electric charge accumulated in the electric charge accumulating unit, that: measures a distance via a normal mode at a predetermined width of radiation light when the distance is measured by an input voltage in accordance with an electric charge accumulated in the electric charge accumulating unit, and switches to the detailed measurement mode according to the distance to the object measured via the normal mode and adjusts a phase of the radiation light radiated from the light source unit by a detailed measurement mode.

The present invention includes a light source unit; a light receiving pixel unit which includes a photo electric conversion device and an electric charge accumulating unit, and a distance image processing unit, when the distance is measured by an input voltage in accordance with an electric charge accumulated in the electric charge accumulating unit, that: measures a distance via a normal mode at a predetermined width of radiation light when the distance is measured by an input voltage in accordance with an electric charge accumulated in the electric charge accumulating unit, and switches to the detailed measurement mode according to the distance to the object measured via the normal mode and adjusts a phase of the radiation light radiated from the light source unit by a detailed measurement mode.

Sensing devices configured to detect photons with high accuracy regardless of environmental illuminance are disclosed. In one example, a sensing device includes a photodetector and a load element connected between the photodetector and a first reference potential. A first transistor is configured to be turned on according to a voltage of a node between the photodetector and the load element. A second transistor is configured to turn on according to either a current of the first transistor or a voltage of a second signal line. A third transistor of an opposite conductivity type to the first and second transistors is configured to turn on according to the voltage of the second signal line. A first inverter is connected between a node between the first transistor and the third transistor and a fourth signal line.

Various embodiments of the present technology may provide methods and apparatus for a time-to-digital converter. The time-to-digital converter may include a state machine that increments/decrements according to an input signal and a count value. The time-to-digital converter may further include a register to store the count value according to the input signal.

Time of flight device and method are provided. A light-emitting module emits a first light pulse to a sensing target, and a sensing unit receives and integrates a first reflected light pulse of the sensing target. A processing circuit reads an image parameter of the sensing target through a readout circuit. The light-emitting module emits a second light pulse to the sensing target, and the sensing unit receives a second reflected light pulse of the sensing target. The processing circuit obtains a distance parameter between the sensing target and the time of flight device according to a time when the readout circuit reads the second reflected light pulse of the sensing unit. The processing circuit obtains a reflectivity of the sensing target according to the image parameter and a look-up table, and obtains a corrected distance parameter of the sensing target by correcting the distance parameter according to the reflectivity.

Aircraft anti-collision systems, anti-collision methods, and aircraft with anti-collision systems and methods are provided. A method including transmitting, by a light emitter, a first light pulse proximate to a wing edge at a first time, detecting, by a light detector, a reflection of the first light pulse at a second time, determining, by a processor, a distance from a first object to the wing edge in response to the first time and the second time, calculating, by the processor, a possible contact occurrence in response to the distance and an aircraft velocity, and controlling a user interface with the processor to generate a user alert in response to the possible contact occurrence.

Various embodiments of the present technology may provide methods and apparatus for a time-to-digital converter. The time-to-digital converter may include a state machine that increments/decrements according to an input signal and a count value. The time-to-digital converter may further include a register to store the count value according to the input signal.

An optical distance measurement apparatus that measures a distance using a round-trip time of light to an object includes an irradiator, a plurality of SPADs, a plurality of signal output units, a response number detector, a timing identifier, and a timing corrector. The response number detector detects a response number representing the number of responding one of the SPADs based on a pulse signal. The timing identifier identifies a temporary timing based on a state of variation in the response number along a time series and identifies a detection timing representing a timing when the optical distance measurement apparatus detects light in accordance with the temporary timing. The timing corrector acquires a correction time representing a time difference between the temporary timing and a true timing corresponding to a distance to an object and sets a timing corrected from the temporary timing by the correction time as the detection timing.

A sensor includes an avalanche photodiode (APD), a first resistor, a second resistor, and a rectification element. The first resistor is connected between a current output terminal of the APD and a first output terminal. The second resistor and the rectification element are connected in series between the current output terminal and a second output terminal. The rectification element is connected between the second resistor and the second output terminal.