An apparatus includes a photonic integrated circuit having an optical phased array, where the optical phased array includes multiple unit cells. Each unit cell includes at least one antenna element configured to transmit or receive multiple optical signals having spectrally-distinct wavelengths or wavelength ranges. Each unit cell also includes at least one signal pathway configured to transport the optical signals to or from the at least one antenna element. Each unit cell further includes a phase modulator configured to modify phases of the optical signals being transported through the at least one signal pathway. Each unit cell is configured to provide correlated phase shifts to the optical signals having the spectrally-distinct wavelengths or wavelength ranges.

An optical array waveguide grating-type multiplexer and demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention comprise: a first substrate, a plurality of first waveguides disposed on the first substrate to be superposed in the vertical direction, which is the thickness direction of the first substrate; a 1-1st cladding layer disposed between the first substrate and a 1-1st waveguide, which is nearest to the first substrate among the plurality of first waveguides; a 1-2nd cladding layer disposed between the plurality of first waveguides; and a 1-3rd cladding layer disposed on a 1-2nd waveguide, which is furthest from the first substrate among the plurality of first waveguides.

Provided is a variable wavelength filter having a wide variable wavelength range. In the variable wavelength filter, a slab waveguide that is a component of an arrayed-waveguide grating has a groove into which a resin is inserted. The groove intersects with a plurality of line segments A joining a place of connection between an input light waveguide and the slab waveguide to places of connection between respective array waveguides and the slab waveguide. The groove is formed such that a total length LA of an intersection of the groove and each of the line segments A monotonously increases or decreases between the adjacent line segments A with a difference in the total length LA between the adjacent line segments A being constant.

An optical coupler device comprises an optical waveguide having a first edge and an opposing second edge that extend in a direction substantially parallel to a propagation direction of an input light beam injected into the optical waveguide. A grating structure is on a portion of the optical waveguide, with the grating structure having a first side and an opposing second side. The first and second sides of the grating structure extend in the same direction as the first and second edges of the optical waveguide. An optical slab adjoins with the first side of the grating structure and is in optical communication with an output of the grating structure. The grating structure includes an array of grating lines configured to diffract the input light beam into the slab at an angle with respect to the propagation direction, such that a diffracted light beam is output from the slab.

An optical coupler device comprises an optical waveguide having a first edge and an opposing second edge that extend in a direction substantially parallel to a propagation direction of an input light beam injected into the optical waveguide. A grating structure is on a portion of the optical waveguide, with the grating structure having a first side and an opposing second side. The first and second sides of the grating structure extend in the same direction as the first and second edges of the optical waveguide. An optical slab adjoins with the first side of the grating structure and is in optical communication with an output of the grating structure. The grating structure includes an array of grating lines configured to diffract the input light beam into the slab at an angle with respect to the propagation direction, such that a diffracted light beam is output from the slab.

Optical chips and packages are described. The optical chips and packages described herein are configured to output high-power, single mode optical outputs for use by integrated photonics packages. Some embodiments relate to an optical chip or package including a light source array configured to output a plurality of first optical signals and an optical combiner configured to receive the plurality of first optical signals from the light source array and to output a second optical signal that is a combination of the received plurality of first optical signals. The optical combiner may include at least one tunable element configured to increase an optical power of the output second optical signal.

An optical waveguide apparatus including a first dispersion unit and a separation unit. The first dispersion unit is connected to the separation unit, the first dispersion unit is configured to disperse a frequency component of at least one first optical signal, and the separation unit is configured to separate, into at least one second optical signal based on configuration information, the frequency component that is of the at least one first optical signal and that is dispersed by the first dispersion unit. The separation unit is implemented by a variable optical waveguide, and the variable optical waveguide is an optical waveguide that implements at least one of the following functions based on the configuration information: forming an optical waveguide, eliminating an optical waveguide, and changing a shape of an optical waveguide.

A beam steering device and a system using the same are provided. The beam steering device includes a plurality of transmission type optical modulation devices provided to steer an incident beam in different directions, wherein each of the plurality of transmission type optical modulation devices includes: a phase modulator including a nanoantenna in which a plurality of nanostructure rows are arranged. Each of the nanostructure rows includes a plurality of nanostructures connected to each other. A meta surface includes the plurality of nanostructure rows. Each of the transmission type optical modulation devices also includes a plurality of drivers provided which independently apply an electric signal to each of the nanostructure rows to control a phase change thereof.

A method for manufacturing an optical electrical module includes steps as follow. Forming first patterns on a first substrate by a first mask, wherein an angle between a primary flat of the first substrate and an arrangement direction having a maximum number of first pattern units of the first mask is (θ+90°*n), wherein θ is between 22° to 39°, and n is an integer. Subjecting the first substrate to a first patterning process using the first patterns as a mask to form accommodating grooves and a reflective groove connected with the accommodating grooves in the first substrate, wherein an extension direction of each of the accommodating grooves is perpendicular to an extension direction of the reflective groove.

An arrayed waveguide, a display device, and a spectacles device are disclosed. The arrayed waveguide includes a first waveguide layer and a second waveguide layer stacked. The first waveguide layer includes a first main expanding portion having a plurality of first optical medium layers configured to expand, in the first direction, the first light beam incident into the first main expanding portion and reflect it towards the second waveguide layer. The second waveguide layer includes a second main expanding portion having a plurality of second optical medium layers configured to expand, in the second direction, the second light beam incident into the second main expanding portion and reflect it to exit from a side of the second waveguide layer away from the first waveguide layer. The second main expanding portion is further configured to transmit the expanded first light beam therethrough.