Provided is a variable wavelength filter having a wide variable wavelength range. In the variable wavelength filter, a slab waveguide that is a component of an arrayed-waveguide grating has a groove into which a resin is inserted. The groove intersects with a plurality of line segments A joining a place of connection between an input light waveguide and the slab waveguide to places of connection between respective array waveguides and the slab waveguide. The groove is formed such that a total length LA of an intersection of the groove and each of the line segments A monotonously increases or decreases between the adjacent line segments A with a difference in the total length LA between the adjacent line segments A being constant.

The wavelength response of an arrayed waveguide grating can be tuned, in accordance with various embodiments, using a beam sweeper including one or more heaters to shift a lateral position of light focused by the beam sweeper at an interface of the beam sweeper with an input free propagation region of the arrayed waveguide grating.

Provided is a variable wavelength filter having a wide variable wavelength range. In the variable wavelength filter, a slab waveguide that is a component of an arrayed-waveguide grating has a groove into which a resin is inserted. The groove intersects with a plurality of line segments A joining a place of connection between an input light waveguide and the slab waveguide to places of connection between respective array waveguides and the slab waveguide. The groove is formed such that a total length LA of an intersection of the groove and each of the line segments A monotonously increases or decreases between the adjacent line segments A with a difference in the total length LA between the adjacent line segments A being constant.

A multi-channel receiver optical sub assembly module for a fiber Bragg grating sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing, a connection socket, an optical bench, a thermoelectric cooler, an arrayed waveguide grating chip, a photodiode array disposed on the optical bench and including a plurality of photodiode chips connected to the optical channels of the arrayed waveguide grating chip, and a printed circuit board which is connected to the other side of the housing while passing through the other side of the housing, of which a portion of a body is disposed on the optical bench, and which is connected to the photodiode array.

A multi-channel receiver optical sub assembly module for a fiber Bragg grating sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing, a connection socket, an optical bench, a thermoelectric cooler, an arrayed waveguide grating chip, a photodiode array disposed on the optical bench and including a plurality of photodiode chips connected to the optical channels of the arrayed waveguide grating chip, and a printed circuit board which is connected to the other side of the housing while passing through the other side of the housing, of which a portion of a body is disposed on the optical bench, and which is connected to the photodiode array.

The wavelength response of an arrayed waveguide grating can be tuned, in accordance with various embodiments, using a beam sweeper including one or more heaters to shift a lateral position of light focused by the beam sweeper at an interface of the beam sweeper with an input free propagation region of the arrayed waveguide grating.

The wavelength response of an arrayed waveguide grating can be tuned, in accordance with various embodiments, using a beam sweeper including one or more heaters to shift a lateral position of light focused by the beam sweeper at an interface of the beam sweeper with an input free propagation region of the arrayed waveguide grating.

Photonic packages are described. One such photonic package includes a photonic chip, an application specific integrated circuit, and optionally, an interposer. The photonic chip includes photonic microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices. A photonic package may include a material layer patterned to include recesses. The recesses are aligned with the photonic MEMS devices so as to form enclosed cavities around the photonic MEMS devices. This arrangement preserves the integrity of the photonic MEMS devices.

An arrayed waveguide grating device includes an input coupler configured to receive a light signal and split the light signal into a plurality of output light signals. The device also includes a plurality of waveguides optically connected to the input coupler, each waveguide having a plurality of waveguide portions having respective sensitivities to variance in one or more parameters associated with operating of the optical arrayed grating device. Lengths of the respective portions are determined such that each waveguide applies a respective phase shift to the output light signal that propagates through the waveguide and the plurality of waveguides have at least substantially same change in phase shift with respective changes in the one or more parameters associated with operation of the device. An output coupler is optically connected to the plurality of waveguides to map respective light signals output from the plurality of waveguides to respective focal positions.

The present disclosure provides a calibration system for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), a WDM system, and a calibrating method for WDM. The calibration system includes heating devices, an optical sensor, and an electrical device. When the optical sensor receives no beam with energy exceeding a threshold value from a first channel, the optical sensor transmits a first signal to the electrical device. In response to the first signal, the electrical device is configured to control the one or more of the heating devices to heat one or more of channels. When the optical sensor receives a beam having energy exceeding the threshold value from the first channel, the optical sensor transmits a second signal to the electrical device. In response to the second signal, the electrical device is configured to control the one or more of the heating devices to maintain the temperature of the one or more of the channels.