Systems and methods for an integrated photonics vertical coupler are provided herein. In certain embodiments, a device includes a first waveguide having a first photon and a second photon propagating therein, wherein the first photon and the second photon are propagating in orthogonal modes. Further, the device includes a second waveguide having a second coupling portion in close proximity with a first coupling portion of the first waveguide, wherein a physical relationship between the first waveguide and the second waveguide along the length of the second coupling portion causes an adiabatic transfer of the first photon and the second photon into distinct orthogonal modes of the second waveguide at different locations in the second coupling portion.

Provided is an optical modulator. The optical modulator includes an optical waveguide device and an electrochromic device on the optical waveguide device. The optical waveguide device includes a cladding layer and a core layer extending in a first direction on the cladding layer. The electrochromic device includes a lower electrode on the core layer, an upper electrode facing the lower electrode, an electrolyte layer between the lower electrode and the upper electrode, and an electrochromic layer between the lower electrode and the electrolyte layer.

An imaging apparatus for conveying a virtual image superimposed within a view of an ambient environment has a wave-guide having first and second surfaces. An in-coupling diffractive optic on one of the planar surfaces is disposed to direct image-bearing light beams into the waveguide. An out-coupling diffractive optic on one of the planar surfaces of the waveguide is disposed to direct the image-bearing light beams from the waveguide toward a viewer eyebox. An outer cover protects as least part of the waveguide from undesirable environmental influences of an ambient environment while supporting views of the ambient environment from the eyebox. A circular polarizer interposed between waveguide and the outer cover blocks the return of stray light into the waveguide.

One aspect of the present technology relates to an optical electric field sensor device. The device includes a non-conductive housing configured to be located proximate to an electric field. A voltage sensor assembly is positioned within the housing and includes a crystal material positioned to receive an input light beam from a first light source through a first optical fiber. The crystal material is configured to exhibit a Pockels effect when an electric field is applied when the housing is located proximate to the electric field to provide an output light beam to a detector through a second optical fiber. An optical cable is coupled to the housing and configured to house at least a portion of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber. The first light source and the detector are located remotely from the housing. A method of detecting an electric field is also disclosed.

The present application discloses a Transverse Electric (TE) polarizer. The TE polarizer includes a semiconductor substrate having an oxide layer. The TE polarizer further includes a waveguide embedded in the oxide layer. Additionally, the TE polarizer includes a plate structure embedded in the oxide layer substantially in parallel to the waveguide with a gap distance. In an embodiment, the plate structure induces an extra transmission loss to a Transverse Magnetic (TM) mode in a light wave traveling through the waveguide.

A system for laser enhanced voltage contrast using an optical fiber is provided. The system includes a vacuum chamber with a stage that secures a wafer. A laser light source outside the vacuum chamber directs light to an optical fiber. The optical fiber transmits all wavelengths of light from the laser light source into the vacuum chamber through a wall of the vacuum chamber.

The present invention provides a photonic device such as a variable optical attenuator, in which two signal components, propagating in modes of two different polarization states, are converted to two different modes of the same polarization state prior to modulation. The modulation of both components is performed by a single device which applies the same modulation strength to both components. The two signal components can be converted back to propagate in the two different polarization states following modulation.

Structures including a waveguide core and methods of fabricating a structure including a waveguide core. A back-end-of-line interconnect structure has an interlayer dielectric layer and a cap layer stacked over the interlayer dielectric layer. A waveguide core includes a section arranged beneath the cap layer. The waveguide core has a first index of refraction that varies as a function of width, and the cap layer has a second index of refraction. The section of the waveguide core has a width that is selected such that the first index of refraction is substantially equal to the second index of refraction to provide phase matching effective for coupling a portion of an optical signal from the waveguide core to the cap layer.

The present application discloses a Transverse Electric (TE) polarizer. The TE polarizer includes a semiconductor substrate having an oxide layer. The TE polarizer further includes a waveguide embedded in the oxide layer. Additionally, the TE polarizer includes a plate structure embedded in the oxide layer substantially in parallel to the waveguide with a gap distance. In an embodiment, the plate structure induces an extra transmission loss to a Transverse Magnetic (TM) mode in a light wave traveling through the waveguide.

According to an example, a polarization control system is to manipulate polarization manipulators to output light that achieves a trajectory on a Poincar sphere that tracks a known trajectory of a polarizer on the Poincar sphere, in which the trajectory of the output light enables definition of a reference polarization state of the output light. The polarization control system may also manipulate an output polarization manipulator to set the output light to a predefined polarization state based upon the reference polarization state.