A method for designing a device for multi-plane conversion of light radiation, the device implementing a plurality M of phase masks intercepting the light radiation in order to phase-shift the radiation for applying a predetermined transformation to the light radiation. First and second mode families (u,v) with separable variables (x,y) are defined. A number N of pairs of indices {i,j}.sub.k is chosen to form first and second used mode families, respectively, by selecting the modes of index pairs {i,j}.sub.k from the first mode family and from the second mode family, respectively. Next, the phase-shift quantities (x,y) are established, the M phase masks making it possible to transform each mode of index pairs {i,j).sub.k of the first used mode family into the mode of the same index pair {i,j}.sub.k of the second used mode family. A phase plate may be obtained by means of the design method and used in a multi-plane conversion device.

A luminaire comprises a frame and a plurality of optical waveguides retained by the frame. The optical waveguides bound a cavity, and each comprises: a top end and a bottom end opposite the top end; a coupling portion disposed at the top end; an inner side facing the cavity; and an outer side opposite the inner side. The inner and outer sides are disposed between the top and bottom ends. The luminaire further comprises at least one light emitting diode (LED) associated with each optical waveguide. Each of the LEDs are disposed opposite, and configured to direct light into, the coupling portion of the associated optical waveguide. Each optical waveguide is configured to receive the light via the coupling portion and emit the light primarily from the outer side.

A laser beam phase-modulation device, a laser beam steering device, and a laser beam steering system including the same are provided. The laser beam phase-modulation device includes a refractive index conversion layer having a refractive index that is changed according to an electrical signal applied thereto, the refractive index conversion layer including an upper surface on which the laser beam is incident and a lower surface opposite the upper surface, at least one antenna pattern embedded in the upper surface of the refractive index conversion layer, and a metal mirror layer provided under the lower surface of the refractive index conversion layer and configured to reflect the laser beam.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods associated with mode conversion for electromagnetic field modification. A mode converting structure (holographic metamaterial) is formed with a distribution of dielectric constants chosen to convert an electromagnetic radiation pattern from a first mode to a second mode to attain a target electromagnetic radiation pattern that is different from the input electromagnetic radiation pattern. A solution to a holographic equation provides a sufficiently accurate approximation of a distribution of dielectric constants that can be used to form a mode converting device for use with one or more transmission lines, such as waveguides. One or more optimization algorithms can be used to improve the efficiency of the mode conversion.

An optical targeting device comprised of a support body, an imaging waveguide joined to and in a position relative to the support body, and a light source mounted on the support body. The imaging waveguide is comprised of an input diffractive optic, and an output diffractive optic. The light source is located to direct a targeting light beam to the input diffractive optic of the imaging waveguide. In operation of the optical targeting device, the imaging waveguide simultaneously transmits incoming light from a scene viewable by a user of the device through the light transmissive body, and propagates the targeting light beam from the input diffractive optic laterally through the light transmissive body and directs the targeting light beam outwardly from the output diffractive optic, thereby rendering the targeting light beam as a point of light superimposed within the scene viewable by the user.

A laser beam phase-modulation device, a laser beam steering device, and a laser beam steering system including the same are provided. The laser beam phase-modulation device includes a refractive index conversion layer having a refractive index that is changed according to an electrical signal applied thereto, the refractive index conversion layer including an upper surface on which the laser beam is incident and a lower surface opposite the upper surface, at least one antenna pattern embedded in the upper surface of the refractive index conversion layer, and a metal mirror layer provided under the lower surface of the refractive index conversion layer and configured to reflect the laser beam.

A fiber coupling device includes a housing and a window provided in the housing. The fiber coupling device is configured to collectively guide plural laser beams to at least a first fiber, the plurality of laser beams each being emitted from a corresponding one of plural external laser light sources and entering through a laser beam inlet. The housing is configured such that the laser beams enter the housing from the laser beam inlet. The window is provided inside the housing and faces the laser beam inlet. The fiber coupling device is not required to detach when an optical axis is adjusted.

An illumination optical system includes: a beam splitter located near a conjugate position of a specimen and configured to split beams from a light source into a plurality of groups of beams having different splitting directions around an optical axis; a beam selector configured to select and transmit one group of beams from the plurality of groups of beams and that is rotatable with respect to the optical axis; and a wavelength plate located near the beam selector and rotatable about the optical axis. The rotation angles of the wavelength plate and of the beam selector about the optical axis are respectively set so that the polarization direction of the beam which has passed through the wavelength plate is perpendicular to the splitting direction of the one group of beams that has been selected by the beam selector and split by the beam splitter.

A circuit device 100 includes an error detection circuit 110 and a processing circuit 120. The error detection circuit 110 obtains a glare index value, which is an index value indicating glare of a head-up display, based on image data IMD for head-up display. The error detection circuit 110 determines whether or not a glare index value has exceeded a first threshold value, and when the glare index value exceeds the first threshold value, detects occurrence of a first glare error. When occurrence of a first glare error is detected, the processing circuit 120 performs processing corresponding to the first glare error.

A millimeter scale weak grating coupler comprising a silicon waveguide having bars of overlay material of length (a) disposed periodically at a period () adjacent the silicon waveguide whereby a uniform grating output is achieved.