A pulse analysis system or method includes a frequency filter that receives an ultrafast pulse under test and disperses the pulse under test over a frequency range. The frequency filter separates the pulse under test into component frequency slices and provides the frequency slices to a detector coupled to a digitizer, which processes the digitized signal and collects a sonogram characteristic of the pulse under test. The frequency slices are arranged to overlap. Ptychography is performed on the sonogram to obtain characteristics of the pulse under test.

A data storage system is disclosed that includes a recirculating loop storing data in motion. The data may be carried by a signal via the loop including one or more satellites or other vessels that return, for example by reflection or regeneration, the signals through the loop. The loop may also include a waveguide, for example an optical fiber, or an optical cavity. Signal multiplexing may be used to increase the contained data. The signal may be amplified at each roundtrip and sometimes a portion of the signal may be regenerated.

An apparatus includes a multi-mode optical fiber having a selected plurality of optical propagating modes. The selected plurality may include only a proper subset of or may include all of the optical propagating modes of the multi-mode optical fiber. Each optical propagating mode of the selected plurality has a group velocity that varies over a corresponding range for light in, at least, one of the optical telecommunications C-band, the optical telecommunications L-band, and the optical telecommunications S-band. The ranges corresponding to different ones of the modes of the selected plurality are non-overlapping. The ranges of a group velocity-adjacent pair of the ranges are separated by a nonzero gap of less than about 10,000 meters per second.

An optical assembly for optical signal processing: including a first input for coupling in a first light signal; a second input for coupling in a second light signal; a first beam splitter for splitting the first light signal into a first part and a second part; a second beam splitter for splitting the second light signal into a first part and a second part; a superposing unit; a detector; an electronic signal processing unit; at least one actuating unit; and a delay line for generating a delay of the running time of the first part of the first light signal and of the first part of the second light signal up to the superposing unit. The delay line is configured such that the first part of the first light signal and the first part of the second light signal pass through the delay line in opposite directions.

The present invention discloses an optical delay line structure, including an outer housing, an inner housing and a reflection assembly. The outer housing is connected to the inner housing and an optical fiber. The reflection assembly is placed on the inner housing. The inner housing can move axially on an outer housing thread part of the outer housing so as to change the light path between the optical fiber and the reflection component. The reflection assembly includes a mirror holder, a reflection mirror, a plurality of fixing screws and a plurality of adjusting screws. When at least one of the adjusting screws is moved, the reflection mirror will tilt at different angles, thereby changing the path and intensity of light wave.

A pulse analysis system or method includes a frequency filter that receives an ultrafast pulse under test and disperses the pulse under test over a frequency range. The frequency filter separates the pulse under test into component frequency slices and provides the frequency slices to a detector coupled to a digitizer, which processes the digitized signal and collects a sonogram characteristic of the pulse under test. The frequency slices are arranged to overlap. Ptychography is performed on the sonogram to obtain characteristics of the pulse under test.

An optical delay line device, providing a fixed or variable optical delay, including an optical input, an optical output, an optical assembly that directs a beam along an optical path from the input to the output. The optical assembly including; a retroreflector, an optical element including first, second and third reflective surfaces, the second and third reflective surfaces being arranged to make therebetween an angle of 45°, a beam that propagates along the optical path and enters said optical element being reflected by the first surface with an angle of 90° toward the second surface, then being reflected by the second and third surfaces to exit from the optical element in a direction parallel to the direction of the beam incident on the optical element, and said optical element is arranged so as to steer said output beam onto said second surface of said retroreflector.

Described herein is a system for directing light over two dimensions. In a first embodiment, an optical beam director includes a wavelength router, such as an optical interleaver, optically coupled to an array of dispersive elements, such as free-space diffractive couplers. In a second embodiment, an optical beam director includes a diffractive element optically coupled to a 1D-to-2D spatial interleaver.

A data storage system is disclosed that includes a recirculating loop storing data in motion. The data may be carried by a signal via the loop including one or more satellites or other vessels that return, for example by reflection or regeneration, the signals through the loop. The loop may also include a waveguide, for example an optical fiber, or an optical cavity. Signal multiplexing may be used to increase the contained data. The signal may be amplified at each roundtrip and sometimes a portion of the signal may be regenerated.

An optical device includes a first multi-mode waveguide, a first optical coupler coupled to the first multi-mode waveguide, the first coupler being tapered and curved, and a first single-mode waveguide having a first end coupled to the first optical coupler. The optical device maybe used in an optical delay device. A method of propagating light in a first multi-mode waveguide toward a first optical coupler, propagating the light in the first optical coupler toward a first single-mode waveguide, the first optical coupler being tapered and curved, and propagating the light along the first single-mode waveguide is also disclosed.