A projection arrangement for a head-up display (HUD), includes a composite pane, including an outer and an inner pane connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer, with an HUD region; an electrically conductive coating on the surface of the outer or inner pane facing the intermediate layer or within the intermediate layer; and a projector that is directed toward the HUD region. The radiation of the projector is p-polarised. The composite pane with the electrically conductive coating has reflectance of at least 10% relative to p-polarised radiation in the spectral range from 450 nm to 650 nm. The electrically conductive coating includes at least three electrically conductive layers, which are each arranged between two dielectric layers or layer sequences. The sum of the thicknesses of all electrically conductive layers is at most 30 nm and the electrically conductive layers have a thickness of 5 nm to 10 nm.

A display device includes a display panel having a first emission region and a second emission region that is distinct from and mutually exclusive to the first emission region and surrounds the first emission region. The display device includes a first plurality of light emitters arranged in the first emission region, a plurality of activation lines for the first emission region, a second plurality of light emitters arranged in the second emission region, and a plurality of activation lines for the second emission region. A single activation line of the plurality of activation lines for the first emission region is electrically coupled with a first number of light emitters in the first emission region and a single activation line of the plurality of activation lines for the second emission region is electrically coupled with a second number, distinct from the first number, of light emitters in the second emission region.

A display device includes: a display element including a display surface on which image is displayed; a first mirror and a second mirror that reflects emission light emitted from the display surface of the display element; and a polarization element. The polarization element is configured to reflect and transmit the emission light from display surface. The emission light from display surface is reflected off polarization element twice and transmitted through polarization element once by a time the emission light is reflected off first mirror and second mirror and exits from display device.

A method operates a visual field display device, in particular for a motor vehicle, which is designed to produce a projection light beam with a display content and to project the display content onto a partially transparent reflecting projection screen, in particular a front window of the motor vehicle, such that a virtual display image which is superimposed into a field of vision of a user is generated behind it. The method determines image element edges having vertical or a vertical component in the virtual display image to be superimposed and tilts the image element edges thus determined to a respectively adapted tilt angle with respect to the vertical, such that double images of the respective image element edges in the virtual display image are offset with respect to each other in the horizontal direct for the user due to double reflections of the projection light beam on two optical boundaries of the projection screen and appear substantially sharp.

A virtual image display device includes: a display unit that generates an image display light; and a projection optical system including a main concave mirror that reflects the image display light toward the virtual image presentation plate and an auxiliary concave mirror that reflects the image display light toward the main concave mirror. Defining a reference plane along both a direction of incidence and a direction of output of the image display light on the virtual image presentation plate, the main concave mirror is provided in an orientation that causes the image display light to be incident on the main concave mirror in a direction along the reference plane, and the auxiliary concave mirror is provided in an orientation that causes the image display light to be incident on the auxiliary concave mirror in a direction intersecting the reference plane.

A display device is provided and including a backlight device including a plurality of light sources; a display panel disposed to oppose the backlight device and incline with respect to a direction perpendicular to an optical axis of the backlight device; a first diffusion plate between the display panel and the backlight device; and a second diffusion plate arranged at a predetermined angle with respect to the first diffusion plate.

A virtual image display device includes a projection optical system that includes a projection mirror that projects an image display light toward a concavely curved surface of a virtual image presentation plate. The projection mirror has a convexly curved surface on which the image display light is incident and reflected diagonally and is arranged such that a direction orthogonal to both a direction of incidence and a direction of reflection of the image display light on the concavely curved surface and a direction orthogonal to both a direction of incidence and a direction of reflection of the image display light on the convexly curved surface are parallel to each other. The display unit is provided at a focal point of a composite optical system within a meridional plane, the composite optical system being formed by the virtual image presentation plate and the projection optical system.

An illuminating module includes a light source assembly and a first lens unit. The light source assembly is configured to produce a light beam, wherein the light beam has a first central optical axis. The first lens unit has a first lens optical axis, the light beam passing through the first lens unit is formed to be an illuminating beam, the illuminating beam has a second central optical axis, and the second central optical axis intersects with the first lens optical axis. An optical apparatus is also provided, including the illuminating module, an optical modulation module and a light guiding module. The illuminating beam passes through the optical modulation module to be an image beam having an image. The image beam travels in the light guiding module, leaves the light guiding module and is received by user's eyes.

A method for determining pane thicknesses and a wedge angle of a coated windshield for a projection arrangement of a head-up display. A wedge angle and a combination of glass thicknesses are determined by means of which the glass ghost image and the layer ghost image are optimally reduced. The method proceeds from a starting thickness of the two glass panes of the windshield for which that wedge angle is determined, in an iterative process, that represents an optimal compromise between the minimization of the glass ghost image and the minimization of the layer ghost image. Then, the glass thicknesses are determined varied within a specified range for each combination of the optimal wedge angles. Thus, it is possible, iteratively, to identify that combination of glass thicknesses that results in the least occurrence of ghost images, in addition to the associated optimal wedge angle.

A laminated glass includes a first glass plate; a second glass plate; and an intermediate film positioned between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and configured to be bonded to the first glass plate and the second glass plate. The laminated glass further includes an HUD (head-up display) display area used for a head-up display. In a predetermined area of at least a part of the HUD display area, a wedge angle decreases, in accordance with a direction front a lower edge of the predetermined area to an upper edge of the predetermined area, within a range of greater than or equal to 0.06 mrad and less than or equal to 1.0 mrad per 100 mm.