Methods relating to and an apparatus including: a smart device and an integrated heating module are provided. The apparatus includes: a smart device having an electrically switchable material, a first transparent layer and a second transparent layer, wherein the electrically switchable material is retained between a first transparent layer and a second transparent layer; and an integrated heating module configured between the electrically switchable material and one of: the first transparent layer and the second transparent layer, wherein the integrated heating module is configured to provide resistant heating along at least a portion of the electrically switchable material.

A method includes forming a layer made of a first insulating material on a first layer made of a second insulating material that covers a support, defining a waveguide made of the first material in the layer of the first material, covering the waveguide made of the first material with a second layer of the second material, planarizing an upper surface of the second layer of the second material, and forming a single-crystal silicon layer over the second layer.

A temperature control system and a driving method thereof, and a liquid crystal apparatus are provided. In the temperature control system, an input voltage adjustment circuit is respectively coupled to a control signal output end of a control circuit, a power signal output end, and an input end of a signal amplification circuit, and is configured to control the signal strength of a basic electrical signal transmitted to the input end of the signal amplification circuit under the control of a control signal output from the control signal output end; the signal amplification circuit is configured to output a corresponding target electrical signal to a heating element according to the basic electrical signal, and the heating element is configured to adjust the heating temperature according to the target electrical signal; a temperature sensing circuit is respectively coupled to the heating element and the control circuit, and is configured to convert a sensed sensing signal into a feedback signal and transmit the feedback signal to the control circuit; and the control circuit is configured to control the control signal output from the control signal output end according to the received feedback signal.

Systems and methods for modifying display unit operations based on orientation are provided. A controller receives orientation data from an orientation detection device and commands operations of a thermal management system based, at least in part, on the received orientation data. A solar angle relative to the electronic display may be determined based on a location, a date, a time, and the orientation data. Cooling may be modified based on solar angle relative to the electronic display. The orientation data may be used to check installation, determine damage, or position of display unit components.

An electronic display assembly includes a digital side assembly mounted to a first portion of a frame and includes a housing, an electronic display layer located rearward of a cover panel, and a first airflow pathway located rearward of the electronic display layer. An access panel is mounted to a second portion of the frame in a moveable manner and includes a second airflow pathway. An intake and an exhaust are in fluid communication with the first and second airflow pathways.

A portable radio includes a housing having a front display. The front display includes a liquid crystal display structure, a first layer of touch panel rear glass disposed exterior to the liquid crystal display structure, and a second layer of touch panel front glass disposed exterior to the first layer of touch panel rear glass. The second layer of touch panel front glass provides a viewable surface and user interface. The front display also includes a vacuum layer disposed between the first layer of touch panel rear glass and the second layer of touch panel front glass, and a plurality of spacers disposed in the vacuum layer that maintain a gap. The front display also includes a seal that at least partially seals and maintains a vacuum within the vacuum layer.

A temperature detection device includes: a temperature detection element; a constant current circuit configured to supply a driving current to the temperature detection element; and a temperature signal generation unit configured to convert a voltage of the temperature detection element when the driving current is supplied to the temperature detection element into a temperature signal. The temperature detection device includes a driving current monitoring circuit configured to monitor change in the driving current outputted from the constant current circuit. The driving current monitoring circuit includes a current-voltage conversion unit voltage of which changes corresponding to a change in the driving current, and outputs by a switching circuit the voltage when the driving current is supplied from the constant current circuit to the current-voltage conversion unit.

The purpose is to suppress a temperature rise in the LED and the driver IC for a reliable transparent liquid crystal display device. An example of concrete structure to attain the purpose is: A display area is formed in an area where the TFT substrate and the counter substrate overlap, a terminal area is formed in an area where the TFT substrate and the counter substrate do not overlap, an LED is disposed in the terminal area opposing to a side surface of the counter substrate, the LED is connected to a printed wiring substrate, a driver IC to drive the liquid crystal display device is disposed in the terminal area, a metal plate is disposed between the driver IC and the printed wiring substrate, the metal plate contacts the printed wiring substrate via a first heat dissipation sheet, and contacts the driver IC via a second heat dissipation sheet.

An electronic display assembly includes a cover panel at a front portion of a housing, and an electronic display layer located rearward of the cover panel. At least a portion of a first airflow pathway is located rearward of the electronic display layer. At least a portion of a second airflow pathway extends along and adjacent to a rear surface of an access panel, which is located rearward of at least said portion of said first airflow pathway. An intake and an exhaust are in fluid communication with the first and second airflow pathways.

According to various embodiments, a tunable optical device comprises a tunable optical metasurface on a substrate with an integrated driver circuit. In some embodiments, the tunable optical device includes a photon shield layer to prevent optical radiation from disrupting operation of the driver circuit. In some embodiments, the tunable optical device includes a diagnostic circuit to detect and disable defective optical structures of the metasurface. In some embodiments, the tunable optical device includes an integrated heater circuit that maintains a liquid crystal of the metasurface above a minimum operating temperature. In some embodiments, the tunable optical device includes an integrated lidar sequencing controller, a steering pattern subcircuit, and a photodetector circuit.