To miniaturize an illumination device while meeting requirements of angle characteristics of a liquid crystal panel. A light source 31b is arranged above an outer end portion side of a liquid crystal panel 31d that is positioned radially outward of an illumination housing. A relative position between the liquid crystal panel 31d and the light source 31b is set such that light emitted from the light source 31b is incident within an effective angle range of the liquid crystal panel 31d.

The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and provides a display module and a display device. The display module includes a first display sub-panel, where the first display sub-panel includes: a first display sub-panel including a plurality of first pixel units; and a second display sub-panel arranged at a light-entering side of the first display sub-panel and including a plurality of second pixel units. Each second pixel unit corresponds to at least one first pixel unit, an orthogonal projection of each second pixel unit onto the first display sub-panel coincides with the corresponding first pixel unit, and the second display sub-panel is a vertical-electric-field-type liquid crystal display panel.

An active random refraction device includes a random structure having the same refractive index characteristics regardless of polarization direction of light, a liquid crystal polymer on the random structure with refractive index characteristics changing according to polarization direction of the light, a polarization switching device, and a refractive surface with an inclination angle randomly distributed along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the incident direction of the light. The active random refraction device can be switched between a transmission mode and a refractive mode according to the polarization of the light.

A device includes a segmented polarization switch including a plurality of polarization switch segments. The device also includes a polarization selective optical element (“PSOE”) optically coupled to the segmented polarization switch and including a plurality of polarization selective segments. The device further includes a controller configured to control the polarization switch segments to operate in a switching state or a non-switching state to control optical states of the polarization selective segments.

In one example, a liquid crystal (LC) assembly includes a first curved glass layer and a second curved glass layer. The LC assembly further includes a film-based, flexible LC stack structure between the first curved glass layer and the second curved glass layer. The film-based, flexible LC stack structure includes Guest-Host (GH) liquid crystals. The film-based, flexible LC stack structure is configured to provide both a display operation for displaying content to one or more user and a dimming operation for reducing a transmittance level of light passing through the LC assembly.

An active random refraction device includes a random structure having the same refractive index characteristics regardless of polarization direction of light, a liquid crystal polymer on the random structure with refractive index characteristics changing according to polarization direction of the light, a polarization switching device, and a refractive surface with an inclination angle randomly distributed along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the incident direction of the light. The active random refraction device can be switched between a transmission mode and a refractive mode according to the polarization of the light.

An optical device (20) includes an electro-optical layer, including a liquid crystal material (24) with a heliconical structure having a pitch that is less than 250 nm and is modifiable by an electric field. An array of excitation electrodes (28) extends over the electro-optical layer. Control circuitry (23) is coupled to apply control voltage waveforms to the excitation electrodes and is configured to modify the control voltage waveforms so as to locally modify a molecule director angle of the heliconical structure and thus to generate a specified phase modulation profile in the electro-optical layer.

A light modulation element that can vary between a bright transparent mode and a dark scattering mode is provided. The light modulation element has a first light modulation layer and a second light modulation layer comprising nematic liquid crystals and a dichroic dye in a scattering mode when a voltage is applied. The first light modulation layer and the second light modulation layer are disposed to overlap each other. The light modulation element has an improved contrast ratio and haze-variable characteristics, without precipitation of dichroic dyes and an increase in power consumption.

A complex light modulator including a first polarization plate, a second polarization plate provided, an amplitude modulator provided between the first polarization plate and the second polarization plate, a phase modulator provided between the amplitude modulator and the second polarization plate, and color filters provided between the amplitude modulator and the phase modulator.

An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a display panel, a first light modulation element, and a second light modulation element. The first light modulation element is overlapped with the display panel. The first light modulation element includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a first light modulation material. The first light modulation material is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second light modulation element is overlapped with the display panel and the first light modulation element. The second light modulation element includes a third electrode, a fourth electrode and a second light modulation material. The second light modulation material is disposed between the third electrode and the fourth electrode.