A method of making an electrochromic device, includes: providing an electrochromic layer comprising a p-type electrochromic material; providing an ion-storage layer comprising an n-type metal oxide; and tuning the ion-storage layer, the electrochromic layer, or both the ion-storage layer and the electrochromic layer, so that when the electrochromic device is operating, the ion-storage layer operates in a minimally color changing mode.

A light-emitting electrochromic device with both electrochromic properties and light-emitting properties is disclosed. The light-emitting electrochromic device also shows multiple color-switching properties.

A vehicle display device using a hetero electrochromic film includes: a projector configured to project a predetermined image onto at least one of a windshield and a window of a vehicle; a hetero electrochromic film disposed on at least one of the windshield and the window; and a controller configured to drive the projector and the hetero electrochromic film.

An electrochromic mirror module including a cover lens, a connecting layer, and an electrochromic device is provided. The connecting layer includes a first absorbing material. The connecting layer connects between the cover lens and the electrochromic device. The electrochromic mirror module is configured to receive an incident light, and the incident light sequentially transmits through the cover plate and the connection layer to reach the electrochromic device. The first absorbing material is configured to absorb light of the incident light, whose wavelength falls in a first spectrum, and the wavelength of the first spectrum fall within the range of 570 nm to 720 nm.

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel electrochromic device (ECD). Disclosed is an electrochromic device (ECD) comprising two metal-complex-based electrochromic thin films individually acting as a working electrode and a counter electrode; (i) one of the two metal-complex-based electrochromic thin films being a film of a cathodically coloring metallo-supramolecular polymer comprising at least one organic ligand having a plurality of metal coordination positions and a metal ion of at least one transition metal and/or lanthanoid metal with the at least one organic ligand and the metal ion being arranged alternately, and the other of the two metal-complex-based electrochromic thin films being a film of an anodically coloring metal hexacyanoferrate (MHCF) represented by the formula: M(II).sub.3[Fe(III)CN.sub.6].sub.2 (where M=Fe, Ni or Zn), and (ii) the electrochromic device having a first conducting substrate; the film of the cathodically coloring metallo-supramolecular polymer; an electrolyte; the film of the anodically coloring metal hexacyanoferrate (MHCF); and a second conducting substrate being arranged in this order.

An electro-optic device may comprise a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface; a second substrate having a third surface and a fourth surface, the second substrate disposed in a spaced-apart relationship relative to the first substrate such that the second and third surfaces are generally parallel to and face one another; a first electrode associated with the second surface; a second electrode associated with the third surface; a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) anionic exchange membrane disposed between the first and second electrodes; a first compartment defined by the SEBS anionic exchange membrane and the first substrate; a second compartment defined by the SEBS anionic exchange membrane and the second substrate; a cathodic species disposed in the first compartment; and an anodic species disposed in the second compartment.

Aspects of this disclosure concern controllers and control methods for applying a drive voltage to bus bars of optically switchable devices such as electrochromic devices. Such devices are often provided on windows such as architectural glass. In certain embodiments, the applied drive voltage is controlled in a manner that efficiently drives an optical transition over the entire surface of the electrochromic device. The drive voltage is controlled to account for differences in effective voltage experienced in regions between the bus bars and regions proximate the bus bars. Regions near the bus bars experience the highest effective voltage.

A overcharge-aware electrochromic device driver for preventing overcharge of an electrochromic device is described. One driver applies a constant supply current to an electrochromic device from a power supply. The driver determines an amount of charge as a function of time and current supplied to the electrochromic device. The driver determines whether the amount of charge reaches an overcharge limit before a sense voltage reaches a first sense voltage limit. Responsive to the amount of charge reaching the overcharge limit, the driver sets the sense voltage as a second sense voltage limit that is lower than the first sense voltage limit, ceases the constant supply current, and applies one of a variable voltage or a variable current to the electrochromic device from the power supply to maintain the sense voltage at the second sense voltage limit.

An electro-optic element includes a first electroactive compartment including an electroactive film having a first electroactive component and a second electroactive compartment including an electroactive solution or gel having a second electroactive component. An ion selective material is disposed between the first and second electroactive compartments and is configured to inhibit diffusion of the second electroactive component in an activated state from the second electroactive compartment to the first electroactive compartment. At least one of the first and second electroactive components is electrochromic such that the electro-optic element is configured to reversibly attenuate transmittance of light having a wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range when an electrical potential is applied to the electro-optic element.

A subtractive color change system for displaying a selected color to a viewer and a method of changing color. The system includes a layered assembly having transparent panels of primary and key colors, with a fixed-color background behind the layered assembly. The subtractive color change system may have a control unit to individually control the intensities and values of the primary color panels to render a color and to control the intensities and values of the panels in the layered assembly to reduce differences between the color rendered and the selected color and to display the selected color to a viewer.