An electro-optic assembly includes a first partially reflective, partially transmissive substrate defining a first surface and a second surface. A second partially reflective, partially transmissive substrate defines a third surface and a fourth surface. A space is defined between a first substrate and a second substrate. A seal is disposed about a perimeter of the first and second substrates. An electro-optic material is disposed between the second surface of the first substrate and the third surface of the second substrate. The electro-optic assembly is operable to change at least one of a reflectance state and a transmittance state in either a discrete or continuous manner. A transparent electrode coating is disposed between the second surface and the third surface. The transparent electrode coating includes an insulator layer, metal layer, and insulator layer (IMI) structure. The reflectance off of the transparent electrode coating is less than about 2%.

An electrochromic apparatus including a first support, a first electrode, a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, a second support, a second electrode, a second transparent conductive layer, and an electrolyte layer is provided. The first and second supports have first and second surfaces, respectively, on each of which a plurality of grooves is formed. The grooves on the second surface are facing the grooves on the first surface. The first and second electrodes are disposed at each one of the plurality of grooves of the first and second supports, respectively. The first and second transparent conductive layers are in contact with the first and second surfaces, respectively. The electrochromic layer is in contact with the first transparent conductive layer. The electrolyte layer is between the electrochromic layer and the second transparent conductive layer.

A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a dual passivation layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The dual passivation layer includes a first passivation layer and a second passivation layer. A refractive index of the first passivation layer is different from a refractive index of the second passivation layer.

There is disclosed an electrochromic passive-matrix display, wherein each passively addressed pixel cell comprises an electrolyte ionically connecting an electrochromic and electrochemically active polymer and a layer of electrically conducting carbon. Thus, each pixel has a pronounced threshold voltage sufficient for reducing cross talk in an electrochromic display.

An all-solid electrochromic device with controlled infrared reflection or emission is provided, in particular of electro-controllable type, comprising a stack successively comprising from a back face (3) as far as a front face (1) exposed to infrared radiation (2): a substrate (4) made of an electron-conducting material, or a substrate made of a non-electron-conducting material coated with a layer made of an electron-conducting material, forming a first electrode; a layer made of a first proton storage electrochromic material (5); a layer of a proton-conducting and electron-insulating electrolyte (6); a bilayer comprising a layer of a non-electrochromic, sub-stoichiometric tungsten oxide WO.sub.3-y forming a second electrode; said tungsten oxide WO.sub.3-y layer being arranged underneath a layer with variable infrared reflection of a second electrochromic material with variable proton intercalation rate, chosen from among crystallized tungsten oxide H.sub.xWO.sub.3-c and hydrated crystallized tungsten oxide H.sub.xWO.sub.3.nH.sub.20-c; a protective layer (10) transparent to infrared radiation.

Embodiments are disclosed of an eye-mountable device (EMD) including a lens enclosure including an anterior layer and a posterior layer sealed to the anterior layer. An anterior electrode is disposed within the lens enclosure on a concave side of the anterior layer, a posterior electrode is disposed within the lens enclosure on a convex side of the posterior layer, and an electrochromic element is disposed across a central region of the lens enclosure, wherein the electrochromic element separates the anterior electrode from the posterior electrode within the central region.

A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a dual passivation layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The dual passivation layer includes a first passivation layer and a second passivation layer. A refractive index of the first passivation layer is different from a refractive index of the second passivation layer.

Provided is an electrochromic display device, including: a pair of electrodes facing each other; an electrochromic layer provided to one of the pair of electrodes: and an electrolytic solution layer provided between the electrodes facing each other, wherein the electrochromic display device includes an yttrium-containing metal oxide layer between the electrochromic layer and the electrode to which the electrochromic layer is provided.

Disclosed is an electrochromic display device including a display substrate, a display electrode provided on the display substrate, a first electrochromic layer provided on the display electrode, an intermediate display electrode provided above the first electrochromic layer separately from the first electrochromic layer, a second electrochromic layer provided on and contacting the intermediate display electrode, an opposed substrate, an opposed electrode provided on the opposed substrate, and an electrolyte solution provided between a surface of the display substrate on which the display electrode is formed and a surface of the opposed substrate on which the opposed electrode is formed, wherein the intermediate display electrode contains a rod-shaped, whisker-shaped, or long-fiber-shaped electrically conductive fine particle, and at least a portion of a space in the electrically conductive fine particle is filled with a material forming the second electrochromic layer.

A variable transmittance optical filter comprising: a first layer comprising a first substantially transparent substrate with a substantially co-planar (SC) electrode system disposed thereon, the SC electrode system made of transparent electrically conductive material and comprising at least one pair of electrically separate electrodes arranged in a substantially co-planar manner on the first substantially transparent substrate, each pair of electrically separate electrodes comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, a second layer proximate to the first layer and comprising a transition material that darkens in response to a non-electrical stimulus and lightens in response to application of an electric voltage; and an electrical connection system for electrically connecting the SC electrode system to a source of electric voltage.