In some examples, a printing liquid developer includes a developer roller that has a hollow tubular base body formed of a material including conductive carbon fiber, a conductive, compliant layer around an outer surface of the hollow tubular base body, and an electrically conductive support separate from the hollow tubular base body and electrically contacted to a surface of the hollow tubular base body.

Herein is disclosed a method of electrostatic printing. The method may include forming a latent electrostatic image on a surface and transferring a first volume of a charged toner to the latent electrostatic image on the surface. The method may also include transferring a second volume of a charged toner to the surface, such that a toner image comprising the first volume of charged toner and the second volume of charged toner is formed on the surface, the second volume of charged toner being disposed on the first volume of charged toner. The method may also include transferring the image to a print substrate.

A system and method are provided for implementing a unique electrophotographic layered manufacturing scheme for creating higher fidelity electrophotographic composite laminate layers using tri-level electrophotography or electrostatic imaging scheme as a process for rendering individual laminate layers to be built up to form and/or manufacture three-dimensional objects, parts and components as 3D objects. A multi-stage 3D object forming scheme is described involving steps of multi-component laminate forming in a particularized electrophotographic layer forming process. This process renders a part component and a support component precisely next to one another with a single exposure by an exposing device to form a latent image of variable discharge voltages. Multiple toner product sources are used to dispose part component toner and support component toner in the forming of the multi-component laminate layer.

In some examples, a printing liquid developer includes a developer roller that has a hollow tubular base body formed of a material comprising conductive carbon fiber, a conductive, compliant layer around an outer surface of the hollow tubular base body, and an electrically conductive support separate from the hollow tubular base body and electrically contacted to a surface of the hollow tubular base body.

A method of electrostatic printing may include forming a latent electrostatic image on a surface and transferring a first volume of a charged toner to the latent electrostatic image on the surface. The method may also include transferring a second volume of a charged toner to the surface, such that a toner image including the first volume of charged toner and the second volume of charged toner is formed on the surface, the second volume of charged toner being disposed on the first volume of charged toner. The method may also include transferring the image to a print substrate.

A fixing device includes a fixing rotator, a pressure rotator, and a cleaning device. The cleaning device cleans a surface of at least one of the fixing rotator and the pressure rotator. The cleaning device includes a cleaning web, a web holder, a winder, a cleaning pressure rotator, a pressure applier, and a temporary holder. The cleaning web slides over and cleans the at least one of the fixing rotator and the pressure rotator. The web holder holds and sends out the cleaning web. The winder winds the cleaning web. The cleaning pressure rotator presses the cleaning web against the at least one of the fixing rotator and the pressure rotator. The pressure applier presses against the cleaning web along a width direction of the cleaning web perpendicular to a direction in which the cleaning web is wound. The temporary holder temporarily holds the pressure applier.

Herein is disclosed a method of electrostatic printing. The method may include forming a latent electrostatic image on a surface and transferring a first volume of a charged toner to the latent electrostatic image on the surface. The method may also include transferring a second volume of a charged toner to the surface, such that a toner image comprising the first volume of charged toner and the second volume of charged toner is formed on the surface, the second volume of charged toner being disposed on the first volume of charged toner. The method may also include transferring the image to a print substrate.

A system and method are provided for implementing a unique electrophotographic layered manufacturing scheme for creating higher fidelity electrophotographic composite laminate layers using tri-level electrophotography or electrostatic imaging scheme as a process for rendering individual laminate layers to be built up to form and/or manufacture three-dimensional objects, parts and components as 3D objects. A multi-stage 3D object forming scheme is described involving steps of multi-component laminate forming in a particularized electrophotographic layer forming process. This process renders a part component and a support component precisely next to one another with a single exposure by an exposing device to form a latent image of variable discharge voltages. Multiple toner product sources are used to dispose part component toner and support component toner in the forming of the multi-component laminate layer.